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STDEV 375 > Lecture 5: Osteology and the Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Osteology and the Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

What is a foreman?

A

Openings into the bone through which nerves and blood vessels pass

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2
Q

What is the mandibular foreman?

A

The large opening in the mandible through which the lower jaw nerve passes

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3
Q

What is the lingula?

A

A small bone projection just in front of the mandibular foreman (used as a reference when delivering anesthetic

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4
Q

Where is the mental foreman?

A

Located between the lower bicuspids on the outside of the mandible (on either side)

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5
Q

Where is the coronoid process?

A

It is part of the mandible, and is the front-protruding portion where muscles attach

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6
Q

Where is the head of the mandible?

A

The portion of the mandible that forms the jaw joint

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7
Q

What are the three main bones that provide anchors for moving the mandible?

A
  • -Temporal bone
  • -Zygomatic bone (cheek bone)
  • -Sphenoid bone (towards the front-center of the skull, just in front of temporal bone. Butterfly shaped)
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8
Q

What three muscles attach to the three anchor bones for the mandible?

A

Temporalis muscle->temporal bone
Masseter muscle -> zygomatic bone
Lateral Pterygoid muscle ->sphenoid bone

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9
Q

What is the greater palatine foreman? What is another name for it?

A
  • -The furthest back point at which nerves enter the hard palate
  • -Anterior palatine foreman
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10
Q

What is the incisive foreman? What is another name for it?

A
  • -The point where the nerve connected to the anterior palate back to the cuspids passes through
  • -Nasal Palatine Foreman
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11
Q

What is the muscle side that moves during contraction called?

A

Insertion

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12
Q

What are the four main muscles involved in moving the mandible?

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

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13
Q

What are some common symptoms of TMJ disorder?

A

o Headaches, jaw pain, grinding or clenching of teeth
o Worn out teeth
o Jaw doesn’t open evenly
o Muscle around TM is sensitive

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14
Q

What does it mean to palpate?

A

To squeeze or touch

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15
Q

What is unique about the lateral pterygoid?

A

The only muscle of the four that is responsible for opening your jaw

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16
Q

What is TMJ disorder?

A

When the muscle between the skull and the mandible slips, and bone rubs against bone

17
Q

How can TMJ Disorder/TMD be treated?

A

Remedies range from an NTI appliance to surgery

18
Q

What is a leaf cage?

A

Plastic strips used to equilibrate a patients jaw (so dentist knows which teeth are hitting first, and if then need adjusting)

19
Q

How do NTI appliances work?

A
  • -Only about 20% of the force of your jaw is allowed by the body when the front teeth are in contact
  • -The NTI appliance focuses force on a small area of the anterior mandibular teeth. When the brain senses that the force has reach 20%, the mandibular controlling muscles will stop contracting
20
Q

What three points are used when equilibrating the jaw?

A
  • -Left head of mandible
  • -Right head of mandible
  • -Leaf Cage (plastic strips)
21
Q

When a muscle contracts there is usually a side of the muscle that moves a bone and another side that stays stationary. What is the stationary side called?

A

The origin

22
Q

What is it called when muscles contract?

A

The action

23
Q

What is the moving bone (attached to a contracting muscle) called?

A

The insertion

24
Q

What is the OIA (Origin, Insertion, and Action) of the Masseter muscle?

A

O-zygomatic arch
I-external surface of mandible
A-elevate the mandible
–Muscle you can feel by your cheek bone when you clench your jaw

25
Q

What is the OIA (Origin, Insertion, and Action) of the Temporalis muscle?

A

O-temporal bone
I-internal surface of the ramus
A-elevate and retrude the madible
–This muscle is fan-shaped

26
Q

What is the OIA (Origin, Insertion, and Action) of the Medial Pterygoid muscle?

A

O-sphenoid bone
I-internal surface of the ramus
A-elevate the mandible
–Teepee shaped

27
Q

What is the OIA (Origin, Insertion, and Action) of the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?

A

O-Sphenoid bone
I-Head of the mandible
A-depress and protrude mandible

STDEV 375 (7 decks)

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