Lecture 5: Heart pt 1 Flashcards
ANP
- in myocytes
- promotes atrial vasodilation
- stimulates renal and water elimination (CHF and HTN)
3 types of valve damage
- collagen (mitral prolapse)
- nodular calcification (calcific aortic stenosis)
- fibrotic thickening (rheumatic heart dz)
blood supply of heart
- left anterior descending
- left circumflex
- Right coronary artery
what phase leads to blood flow to myocardium
ventricular diastole
what are some effects of aging on the heart
- lipofuscin granules
- basophilic degeneration
- LV cavity/volume reduces
- increase epicardial fat
lambl excrescences
aging process
-small filiform processes form on the closure
lines of aortic and mitral valves, probably resulting from the
organization of small thrombi
pump failure
- myocardium contracts weakly during systole
- relax insufficiently during diastole
CHF
– Occurs when the heart is unable
to pump blood at a rate to meet
peripheral demand, or can only do
so with increased filling pressure – May result from
• Loss of myocardial contractile function (
systolic dysfunction)
• Loss of ability to fill the ventricles during
diastole (diastolic dysfunction)
what congenital cardiac malformations are most frequency?
ventral septal defect followed by atrial septal defect
The single most common genetic cause of congenital heart disease
trisomy 21
what rises and falls following severe myocardial ischemia
ATP decreases
lactate increases
how long does it take for irreversible cell injury in MI?
20-40 mins
how long does it take for microvascular cell injury in MI?
> 1 hr
list areas of infarction from most common to least common
- LAD
- RCA
- LCX
what molecules can be used to diagnose MI?
troponin (T and I) (most specific and sensitive)
-levels rise 3-12 hrs
-T max at 12-48
-I max at 24 hrs
CK-MB (sensitive but not specific)
-rises in 3-12 hrs peaks at 24, normal in 48-72 hrs
myoglobin
