Lecture 5: Groups Flashcards
what is the difference between task and social interdependence?
Task: reliant for mastery of material rewards
Social: reliant for feelings of connectedness, respect, acceptance
For primary/intimacy groups, ______ interdependence is key. For secondary/task groups, ______ interdependence is key.
social; task
What are Tuckman’s 5 stages of group formation?
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Adjourning
Frequent Study Nullifies Poor Ambitions
What are 3 mutual processes of group socialisation?
- Investigation: mutual information seeking
- Socialisation: group tries to mould individual
- Maintenance: individual takes on role
What did Markus find RE social facilitation?
Familiar vs. unfamiliar task
Time taken: alone < other present < others watching for FAMILIAR. Unfamiliar opposite
What is social loafing?
Tendency to exert less effort on task in group vs alone
What are 4 strategies to reduce social loafing?
- change nature of task (e.g. interesting)
- increase accountability
- reduce group size
- increase commitment to group
What is deindividuation?
Psychological state where group/social identity»_space; personal/individual identity
What is an example of outgroup homogeneity?
Cross-race identification bias.
What are the two scales of the Stereotype Content Model?
warmth and competence
what measure does the Implicit Association test rely on?
RT - more closely linked concepts = faster RT
What i the difference between stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination?
beliefs vs. attitudes vs. behaviour
What does Social identity Theory say about the reason people favour their ingroup?
Selves composed at least partly by membership; people prefer self-concept; motivated to increase positivity of own group relative to others.
What is the ultimate attibution error?
Ingroup behaviours: +ive = disposition; -ive = situation
Outgroup behaviours = opposite
What are 2 reasons for escalation from categorisation to conflict?
- Competition
2. Intergroup threat
