Lecture 5 - Caries and diet

Question 1

T/F
poorly mineralized teeth are more susceptible to demineralization
they will decay if local substrate for bacterial acid production is not present

Answer 1

T

F - they will not

Question 2

the most common caries of industrialized societies is:

Answer 2

smooth surface caries

Question 3

in pre-industrialized societies, caries is confined to which surfaces?

Answer 3

root surfaces and fissures

Question 4

Vipeholm study conclusions

Answer 4

Decayed Missing Filled teeth increased with

• —-quantity of sugar consumed
• —-consistent consumption of sugar (between meals)
• —-sticky things like toffee between meals caused the most cariogenic problems

Question 5

Hopewood study conclusions

Answer 5

children living in communal homes on a normal diet had lower caries rate than those with parents because of CONTROLLED DIET
Studied difference between natural and processed foods

Question 6

T/F
sweet preference does not change with sugar exposure
higher threshold for sweetness and greater sugar consumption is correlated with caries
sensitivity to sweetness is correlated with higher caries rates

Answer 6

F - it does change
T
F - lower caries rates

Question 7

the sweetest and most cariogenic sugar is:

Answer 7

sucrose

Question 8

the second most cariogenic sugar, found in Coca-Cola, is:

Answer 8

fructose

Question 9

why are cooked starches cariogenic?

Answer 9

because they stick to our teeth

Question 10

Turku study conclusions

Answer 10

reducing sucrose intake can decrease white-spot increment and caries rate

Question 11

why is sucrose more important for smooth surface caries than fissure caries?

Answer 11

it is easier to hang on (smooth surface caries)
sucrose promotes ECM production promoting smooth surface caries
Glucosyl transferase takes up sucrose making ECM allowing s. mutans to work

Question 12

T/F Intake of sucrose is still higher than fructose due to intake of carbonated soft drinks

Answer 12

F - fructose is higher due to carbonated soft drinks

Question 13

T/F dental caries is correlated with obesity

Answer 13

F - they are not correlated

Question 14

what are some dietary guidelines for kids?

Answer 14

limit intake of 100% juice to 4-6 oz
restrict sugared beverages
consume 2 or more dairy servings

Question 15

name the polyols monosaccharides (4)

Answer 15

sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol

Question 16

name the polyols disaccharide (3)

Answer 16

lactitol, isomalt, maltitol

Question 17

name the polyols polysaccharide (2)

Answer 17

hydrogenated starch, hydrolysates

Question 18

T/F chewing xylitol is not effective at preventing caries development
chewing sugar free gum 3X or more daily for prolonged period may reduce caries incidence

Answer 18

F - it is effective

T

Question 19

stevia

Answer 19

plant derived
glycoside
difficult to extract
natural

Question 20

aspartame

Answer 20

(Equal, nutrasweet)
200X sweeter than sugar
table top sweetener
Clean sweet taste

Question 21

saccharin

Answer 21

(sweet n low)
bitter aftertaste
noncaloric; noncariogenic

Question 22

acesulfame-K

Answer 22

(sweet one)
200X sweeter than sugar
non-caloric
no after taste

Question 23

sucralose

Answer 23

(splenda)
3 chlorine atoms substituted for 3 OH groups from sugar
600X sweeter than sugar
noncaloric and noncariogenic
tastes like sugar

Question 24

what are the physical properties of food that influence cariogenicity?

Answer 24

adhesion to teeth (water reduces caries)

salivary stimulation