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Spring 2013 / FCM 2 > lecture 5 > Flashcards

lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

phlegm aka

A

phlegm-rheum or phlegm-water

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2
Q

difference between fluids and water/rheum

A

fluids:(jin-ye) are the nourishing liquid substances of the body
water/rheum: the pathological collection of fluids in one area of the body due to non movement

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3
Q

difference between phlegm amd water rheum

A

phlegm is thicker and more viscous while water (rheum) is thinner.
Water can collect in certain areas of the body (chest, skin, muscles)
phlegm can move anywhere via the SJ and mvmt of Qi

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4
Q

phlegm can be produced by ANY improper function of what organs

A

SP, LU, KD

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5
Q

where is phelgm made and stored

A

made in the SP and stored in the LU

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6
Q

imbalances that may lead to phlegm accumulation

A

attack of exogenous influences
damange by the seven affects
overindulgence/malnutrition
distruption of qi/yang

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7
Q

what is fire’s influence on fluid metabolism

A

fire does not affect the qi transformation process but can act on fluid metabolism directly
“phlegm is merely fire with form; fire is merely formless phlegm”

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8
Q

what are sx of phlem in the LU

A

cough and wheezing, excessive phlegm and expectoration

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9
Q

what are sx of phlem in the HT

A

stifling sensation in the chest and palpitations (heart is obstructed)

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10
Q

what are sx of phlegm misting the orifices

A

unconsciousness, incoherent, and mental deficiency

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11
Q

what are sx of phlegm-fire disturbing the heart

A

mania, possible epilepsy

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12
Q

what are sx of phlem in the ST

A

nausea, vomiting, fullness, pain in the stomach and abdomen (due to stomach being unable to descend)

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13
Q

what are sx of phlem in the meridians, tendons, and bones

A

scrofula, numbness, hemiplegia, bone spurs

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14
Q

what are sx of phlem in the head

A

light-headed/feeling faint

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15
Q

blood stasis

A

a condition in which blood fluid in part of the body is not moving. This includes blood in the vessels and blood that leaves the vessels and becomes stagnant inside the body

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16
Q

what are some factors that lead to the formation of blood stasis

A

qi deficiency
qi stagnation
clots in the blood
heat in the blood
external injuries/trauma

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17
Q

Qi is the _____ of blood

A

commander

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18
Q

if qi is deficient, how will this affect the blood

A

if qi is deficient there may not be enough qi to adequately move the blood leading to blood stasis

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19
Q

if qi is stagnant, how will this affect the blood

A

if qi is stagnant it cannot move blood leading to blood stasis

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20
Q

substantial vs insubstantial phlegm

A

substantial is external, insubstantial is internal
(however the translation for “insubstantial” is not technically accurate)

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21
Q

cold will cause the blood to_

A

contract and stagnate

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22
Q

heat will cause the blood to_

A

congeal and lead to stasis

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23
Q

what is the effect on blood when there is SP qi deficiency, heat and/or trauma

A

blood may be caused to move outside the vessels and stagnate in the body

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24
Q

what are some general signs and sx of blood stasis

A

sharp/fixed pain which increases with pressure and possibly gets worse at night
masses and swellings - palpable in the muscles & may be observable, slightly blue, hard & fixed
internal masses
bleeding-dark purple; clotting in mentrual blood
thin/choppy pulse (deficiency), deep and wiry (qi stag), regular or irregular intermittent pulse

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25
Q

sx of blood stasis in the heart

A

palpitations, stifling sensation in the chest and heart pain, cyanosis of lips and nails, in severe cases-mania

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26
Q

sx of blood stasis in the lung

A

chest pain and hemoptysis

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27
Q

sx of blood stasis in the stomach and intestine

A

pain in the epigastrium, vomiting blood, black stool (blood in stool)

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28
Q

sx of blood stasis in the liver

A

hypochondriac pain, palpable abdominal masses

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29
Q

sx of blood stasis in the uterus

A

lower abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities (dysmenorrhea, clotting dark red or purple flow, excessive bleeding)

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30
Q

sx of blood stasis in the extremities

A

gangrene, ans possible subcutaneous hematoma

31
Q

the basic principles that guide the emergence of disease consist of what three principles

A
  1. insufficiency of right qu (zheng qi) is the internal factor in the emergence of disease
  2. evil qi (xie qi) is an essential prerequisite for the emergence of disease
  3. the outcome of the fight between zheng qi and xie qi determines whether or not a disease emerges
32
Q

what are the four factors in pathogenesis

A
  1. relative strength and weakness of the right qi and evil qi
  2. disharmony of yin and yang
  3. imbalances of qi, blood, and body fluid
  4. dysfunction of viscera, bowels and extraordinary organs
33
Q

what are the two main types of disease patterns

A

excess (shi)
deficiency (xu)

34
Q

zheng qi

A

right qi (jing, qi, blood, and fluids) compendium of the active aspects of the body (organs, blood, jing, fluids) and all forms of qi (yuan, construction, defense, organ, and channel) that come together to maintain health and resist disease

35
Q

xie qi

A

evil qi; including, but not limited to the 6 environments (referred to as the 6 evils when in excess in the body)
“any entity in its active aspect of harming the body”

36
Q

when the right qi is strong or the pathogen is weak_

A

the right qi wins the struggle and can fend off the pathogen; therefore disease does not emerge

37
Q

when the right qi is vacuous and the pathogen is strong_

A

evils wins the battle and can invade, disrupting natural interrelationships and disease may arise

38
Q

causes of excess disease patterns

A

six evils
epidemic pathogens
stagnation and accumulation of: qi, phlegm/water, food blood

39
Q

signs and sx of excess disease patterns

A

fullness, pain that does not like pressure, panting, wheezing, inhibited urination, vexation, or delirium

40
Q

what are sx of excess heat diseases

A

high fever, aversion to heat

41
Q

what are sx of excess cold diseases

A

constriction and pain, aversion to cold

42
Q

what are sx of excess disease in the heart

A

vexation, agitation, and in severe cases, delirious speech

43
Q

what are sx of excess disease lodged in the lung

A

panting, wheezing.
*if phlegm is exuberant, than rattling is heard on auscultation

44
Q

what are sx of excess disease lodged in intestines

A

bowel qi is not free, leading to distention, fullness and pain that is worse with pressure

45
Q

what are sx of replete water-damp evil

A

may block the formation of urine or inhibit the movement of urine

46
Q

what is the pulse like of an excess disease

A

full and forceful

47
Q

what may the tongue look like with an excess disease

A

thick and greasy tongue coat (if water turbidity or phlegm steams and rises)

48
Q

causes of deficient (xu) disease patterns

A

chronic diseases/consumptive diseases (diminish the vital substances and fluids) weakness develops over time. Chronic/consumptive diseases will weaken the right qi

49
Q

s/sx of vacuous yang qi

A

decreased functions in warming, transporting, protecting and holding leading to: pale facial complexion, physical cold with cold limbs, fatigued spirit with sob, spontaneous sweating, loose stool, frequent urination, pale tongue body

50
Q

s/sx of vacuous yin qi

A

malar flush afternoon, five centers heat, heart vexation and palpitations, night sweats, red tongue, with little or no fur

51
Q

pulse of dual vacuity of qi and blood

A

empty and forceless pulse, or thin and forceless

52
Q

external, hot and excess diseases are ascribed to

A

yang

53
Q

internal, cold and deficient diseases are ascribed to

A

yin

54
Q

what are the 4 basic patterns of yin/yang disharmony

A

excess of yang, excess of yin, deficienty of yang, deficiency of yin

55
Q

causes of excess heat

A

the hyperactivity of yang qi:
heat (or fire) or other yang pathogen
cold pathogen which has transformed into heat
emotional imbalances which can turn into heat
qi and blood stagnation turned into depressed heat
diet (spicy, greasy food, alcohol_) and improper use of warm herbs

56
Q

s/sx of excess heat

A

fever, aversion to heat, red face, red eyes, vexation and agitation, rough breathing, loud voice, bitter taste, desire for cold liquids, red urine, boud stool, red tongue body, yellow and dry fur, surging/rapid/forceful pulse

57
Q

causes of excess cold

A

cold, damp, yin pathogen
excessive consumption of raw cold food/herbs or cold medicinals

58
Q

s/x of excess cold

A

cold body and limbs, aversion to cold, pale tongue, pulse is slow and forceless

59
Q

causes of yang deficiency

A

congenital deficiencies (weakness of pre-heaven)
aquired deficiency (lack of nutrition, overexertion, or chronic disease [organ dysfunction])
old age

60
Q

s/sx of yang deficiency

A

bright white facial complexion, fatigue, lack of strength, fear of cold, cold limbs and body, lying curled up in fetal position, spontaneous sweating, arge and tender tongue body, slow forceless pulse

61
Q

causes of yin deficiency

A

congenital deficiencies, pathogenic yang that damages yin, unbalanced emotions (qi stag) that turn into fire and damage yin, chronic disease, overexertion, hot food/herbs, old age

62
Q

s/sx of yin deficiency

A

dryness, thirst, tidal fever, malar flush, heat of the 5 centers, night sweats, insomnia, tender red tongue with little or no fur, fine pulse

63
Q

in mixed patterns of deficient yin and yang, we assume that what organ is also either yin or yang deficient

A

Kidney

64
Q

T/F_deficient yin causes damage to yang & deficient yang causes damage to yin

A

TRUE

65
Q

deficient yin damaging yang

A

in longstanding cases of yin deficiency the attendant hyperactivity of yang can over time weaken the essential qi of the kidney and weaken the yang

66
Q

s/sx of deficient yin damaging yang

A

aversion to cold, cold limbs, deep weak pulse, heat signs caused by yin deficiency

67
Q

deficient yang damaging yin

A

in longstanding cases of yang deficiency essential qi of the kidney is damaged. This leads to generalized qi deficienty and an inability to produce yin fluid

68
Q

s/sx of deficient yang damagint yin

A

thin body, irritibility, dryness, heat signs in upper burner, cold signs from yang vacuity

69
Q

collapse of yin and yang

A

a situation in which either yin-fluid or yang-qi is suddenly and excessively lost.
The substance collapses.
Terminal stage of disease if not promptly and correcly treated death is imminent

70
Q

causes of collapse of yang

A

pathogen is so strong right qi cannot resist and yang suddenly collapses.
Yang qi is Constitutionally weak and with overexertion it collapses.
Excessive sweating, bleeding or diarrhea can cuase excessive loss of yang qi

71
Q

s/sx of yang collapse

A

profuse cold sweat, very cold limbs, sleeping in fetal position, listlessness, faint deep pulse

72
Q

causes of yin collapse

A

severe pathogenic heat
chronic pathogenic heat that consues/exhausts the yin fluid
severe bleeding, diarrhea, sweating, vomiting (anything that rapidly depletes yin fluid)

73
Q

s/sx of yin collapse

A

profuse sticky sweat, warm limbs, shortness of breath, thirst, irritability, rapid and faint pulse

Spring 2013 / FCM 2 (8 decks)

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