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vision science 3 > Lecture 5, 6, 7 dr chase old age > Flashcards

Lecture 5, 6, 7 dr chase old age Flashcards

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1
Q

Betweentheagesof35-45,myopeshave _______
accommodationamplitudethannon-­myopes.

A) worse
B) better
C) thesame

A

B) better

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2
Q

AccordingtoChaseetal2009,eyestrainsymptomscorrelate best with:

A) amplitudeofaccommodation.
B) facilityofaccommodation.
C) open­fieldautorefraction.
D) MEMretinoscopy.

A

C) open­fieldautorefraction.

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3
Q 
AmslerGridtestsfor

A) distortionsinthevisualfield
B) blindspotsinthevisualfield
C)bothdistortionsandblindspotsinthevisualfield
A

C)bothdistortionsandblindspotsinthevisualfield

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4
Q

Amsler Grid abnormalities dramatically increase after the age of:

A) 55
B) 65
C) 75
D) 85

A

C) 75

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5
Q

A_____%reductioninUsefulFieldofViewisassociatedwitha
significantincreaseincaraccidents.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

A

C) 40

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6
Q

Agingincreasesdarkadaptationthresholdof

A) rodsmorethancones.
B) conesmorethanrods.
C) bothrodsandcones.
D) neither, aging decreases dark adaption threshold

A

C) bothrodsandcones.

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7
Q 
AccordingtoChaseetal(2010),symptomaticcollege
studentswitheyestrain
 
A) havetroublesoundingoutwords.
B) havepoorreadingcomprehension.
C) areslowerreaders.
D)havetroublesoundingoutwords,havepoorreading
comprehension,andareslowerreaders.
A

C) areslowerreaders.

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8
Q 
Monoculardepthoffocusisabout\_\_\_\_\_\_fora5mmpupil
but\_\_\_\_\_fora1mmpupil.
 
  A) 0.5D,0.5D
  B) 0.5D,2.5D
 C) 2.5D,0.5D
 D) 2.5D,2.5D
A

B) 0.5D,2.5D

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9
Q

Earlystudiesofaccommodationamplitudeshowedthat
sustainednearfocus

A) reducedamplitudeformostindividuals.
B) increasedamplitudeformostindividuals.
C) hadvariableeffectonamplitude.

A

C) hadvariableeffectonamplitude.

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10
Q

Using50%accommodationreservesasthecriteria,which
amplitudescorewouldbeconsideredevidenceofpresbyopia
fornormalreadingdistance?

A) 10D
B) 8D
C) 6D
D) 4D

A

D) 4D

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11
Q

AccordingtoBartuccioetal(2008),themostwidelyprescribe
treatment foraccommodationinsufficiencywas

A) visiontherapy.
B) pluslensof0.75Dand1.00D.
C) pluslensof1.25Dand1.50D.
D) selectedcoloroverlays.

A

B) pluslensof0.75Dand1.00D

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12
Q

IntheReindeletal.2010study,whatwasthemostcommon
accommodation abnormalityamongsymptomatic30 ­year
olds?

A) iIl-­sustainedaccommodation.
B) Accommodationinsufficiency.
C) Accommodationinfacility.

A

A) iIl-­sustainedaccommodation

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13
Q

IntheReindeletal.2010study,whatproportionof30­40yearoldshadaccommodationabnormalities?

A) 50-­60%
B) 60-­70%
C) 70-­80%
D) Over80%

A

D) Over80%

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14
Q

Hofstetter’sformulaforminimumaccommodationamplitude
(15­-0.25xAge)impliesthat_____Dofamplitudeis
______witheachyearofageuntilabout40yearsold.

A) 15,lost
B) 15,gained
C) 0.25,lost
D) 0.25,gained

A

C) 0.25,lost

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15
Q

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue:

A) Symptomprevalenceamongcollegestudentsislessthan10%.
B) Symptomprevalenceamonggraduatestudentsislower
thancollegestudents.
C) Symptomprevalenceamonggraduatestudentsishigher
thancollegestudents

A

C)Symptomprevalenceamonggraduatestudentsishigher
thancollegestudents (17% of students from claremont college and 72% of them were female, graduate students were even higher)

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16
Q

UV­Aisabsorbedbythe_____andUV-B isabsorbedbythe_____.

A) cornea,lens
B) lens, cornea
C) cornea,retina
D) retina,cornea

A

B) lens, cornea (UVA=315-400nm, UVB=280-315nm)

17
Q

Nuclearsclerosiscataractsaffectwhatproportionofthe
population?

A) 17%ofthose40yearsofageandolder.
B) 68%ofthose80yearsofageandolder.
C) 68%ofthose40yearsofageandolder.
D )17%ofthose40yearsofageandolderand68%of
those80yearsofageandolder.

A

D) 17%ofthose40yearsofageandolderand68%of

those80yearsofageandolder.

18
Q

AccordingtoSheedyetal.2003,whatisthemostlikelycauseof the2 symptom clusters associated with eye strain:

A) binoculardisordersanddryeye.
B) dryeyeandglare.
C) blurredvisionandtearing.
D) glareandbinoculardisorders.

A

A) binoculardisordersanddryeye.

19
Q

TheDDFmodelofpresbyopiashowsthat

A)withincreasesintheaccommodationstimulusdemand,
responsessteadilydecreasewithage.
B) withincreasesintheaccommodationstimulusdemand,
responsessteadilyincreasewithage.
C)withdecreasesintheaccommodationstimulusdemand, responses steadily increase with age
D)withdecreasesintheaccommodationstimulusdemand,
responses steadily decrease with age

A

A) withincreasesintheaccommodationstimulusdemand,

responsessteadilydecreasewithage.

20
Q

For a sixty-year old, it takes less than 20 seconds to recover from glare of the on-coming lights of
another car, but for a person in her/his 80’s on average it could be as high as:

A) 25 seconds.
B) 30 seconds.
C) 40 seconds.
D) 50 seconds.

A

D) 50 seconds.

21
Q

which is NOT a structural change in vision due to aging?

A) increased pupil diameter
B) loss of photoreceptors
C) increased light scatter and absorption by the ocular media
D) thicker lens

A

A) increased pupil diameter (pupils get smaller with age)

22
Q

Which of the following is not one of the 3 related issues of eye strain?

A) accomodative function
B) age-related cataracts
C) changes in near-work tasks over time
D) near work in general

A

B) age-related cataracts

23
Q

Which symptom is least common, most common

A) soreness, blur
B) movement/fading, re-reading
C) glare, diplopia
D) headache, blur

A

B) movement/fading, re-reading

24
Q

Name the 2 accomodation systems

A

sensory-motor and perception

25
Q

retinoscopy and amplitude _____ accommodation

A) overestimates
B) underestimates

A

A) overestimates (by about 2.00D in adults and much more in children)

26
Q

only _____ ___ predicts asthenopia symptom severity

A

accommodative lag

27
Q

which is better to use:

A) amplitude of accomodation
B) accommodative lag via autorefractor

A

B) accommodative lag via autorefractor

28
Q

The lens ____ with accommodation

A) bulges
B) flattens
C) stays the same shape
D) moves side to side

A

A) bulges

29
Q

with the rule (vertical) astigmatism ______ with age while against the rule (horizontal) astigmatism _______ with age and oblique astigmatism _____ with age

A) increases, decreases, stays the same
B) decreases, increases, stays the same
C) stays the same, increases, decreases
D) stays the same, decreases, increases

A

B) decreases, increases, stays the same

30
Q

Amplitude of accommodation decreases ____ after age 40

A) 0.2D
B) 0.4D
C) 0.6D
D) 0.8D

A

B) 0.4D

31
Q

_____ maintain better amplitude

A) myopes
B) hyperopes

A

A) myopes

32
Q

anisometropia ______ with age

A) increases
B) decreases
C) tends to stay the same

A

A) increases (0.4D difference for 50 year olds, 0.9D difference for 85+ year olds). Amsler grid abnormalities, stereopsis, contrast sensitivity and color vision failures also increase with age.

33
Q

Which hazard factor is worse for elderly risk of car accident?

A) binocular visual fields
B) useful field of view
C) glare sensitivity
D) near work eye strain

A

C) glare sensitivity. Glare for elderly is practically blinding, this is why they drive so slow.

vision science 3 (5 decks)

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