Lecture 5

Question 1

List and describe features of Prokaryotes +size (4)

Answer 1

1. NO nucleus (Nucleoid containing naked DNA)
2. NO membraned organelles
3. NO Internal membranes
4. 0.1 – 5 μm

Question 2

List components of Prokaryote bacteria (8)

Answer 2

Question 3

Key characteristics between **Gram-Positive **and Gram-Negative bacteria

Answer 3

Gram-Positive:

1. Thick Peptidoglycan layer
2. Only Inner membrane
3. Traps **cyrstol violet **(=> purple)

Gram-Negative:

1. Thin Peptidoglycan layer
2. Both Inner & Outer membrane
3. Releases **crystol violet **(=> red/pink)

• // The thickness of the peptidoglycan layer determines whether crystol violet, the masking agent of *safarin dye, *is able to be rinsed away. //

Question 4

Which type of cell is this.

Answer 4

Know and be able to identify the structures

Question 5

List functions of the Smooth ER (3)

Answer 5

1. Synthesis lipids
2. Detoxification of poisons
3. Calcium storage (I.e. Muscles need for contraction)

Question 6

List functions of the Rough ER (3)

Answer 6

1. **Ribosomes ** that synthesis glycoproteins
2. Distributes **Transport vesicles **enclosed by membranes
3. Membrane synthesis

Question 7

List functions of Golgi Apparatus

Answer 7

1. Modifies ER products
2. Manufacturing of Macromolecules
3. Sorts and packages materials (transport vesicle)

Question 8

Semi-autonomous Mitochondria are similar to prokaryotes; list similarities (3)

Answer 8

1. Double membrane
2. Own DNA
3. Own Ribosome

Question 9

Outline the differences between *Plant (C.C.C.P) and **Animal **(C.L) *cells

Answer 9

Plant:

1. Chloroplast
2. Central Vacuole (pressure & waste disposal)
3. Cell Wall
4. Plasmodesmata

Animal:

1. Lysosomes (waste disposol)
2. Centrosomes with centrioles (Microtubule synthesis)

Question 10

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

Answer 10

//Identify the key differences//