Lecture 5

Question 1

Which layers does the strict 3-layer-architecture include?

Answer 1

1. GUI-Layer (presentation)
2. Business-concept layer
3. Data management layer

Question 2

What are advantages of layer separation?

Answer 2

• reusability
• maintainability
• portability

Question 3

What are influencing factors on software architecture?

Answer 3

• Product use (how many users, how used)
• Non functional requirements
• Quality requirements
• Target platform

Question 4

What are quality requirements?

Answer 4

• Reliability
• Efficiency
• Changeability

Question 5

What are characteristics of cloud computing?

Answer 5

• On demand self-service
• Broad network access
• Resource pooling
• Rapid elasticity (provisioning)
• Measured service (monitoring)

Question 6

What are deployment models of cloud computing?

Answer 6

• Public cloud
• Private cloud
• Hybrid cloud
• Community Cloud

Question 7

What are the cloud computing service models?

Answer 7

• IaaS
• PaaS
• SaaS

Question 8

What are challenges and threats of cloud computing?

Answer 8

• technical issues
• Hosting (location)
• Security
• Prone to attack
• Prone to copy
• Reliability
• Lack of standard (APIs)
• Continuously Evolving
• Compliance

Question 9

What are the principles of implementation?

Answer 9

• Verbalization: Significant names, comments, self-documenting language
• Data types suited for the problem
• Refinement: Structuring with levels of abstraction
• Integrated documentation: for example Readme.md

Question 10

What is generative programming?

Answer 10

• Automatic generation of program codes
• Generator creates program parts from formalized model
• e.g. Executable UML or Model Driven Architecture (MDA)

Question 11

What is the idea of MDA?

Answer 11

• Develop precise models that can be read my machines for automated development of architectures

Question 12

What are the levels of MDA?

Answer 12

• Computation Independent Model (CIM)
• Platform Independent Model (PIM)
• Platform Model (PM)
• Platform Specific Model (PSM)
• Transformations

Question 13

What are potential benefits of MDA?

Answer 13

• Productivity (automation)
• Portability (via PSM)
• Interoperability
• Maintenance and documentation

Question 14

What are reasons / dimensions for a need for integration?

Answer 14

• Autonomy
• Heterogenity
• Distribution

Question 15

What are types of autonomy (integration)?

Answer 15

• Design autonomy: independence regarding e.g. data model
• Communication autonomy: Independently decide to communicate
• Execution autonomy: Independent execution and scheduling of inquiries from other components

Question 16

What are the types of heterogenity (integration)?

Answer 16

• Syntactical: Platforms, operating systems, languages…
• Data model based
• Logical: Semantical conflicts (same terms, different meaning), structural conflicts (different structures)

Question 17

What is enterprise application integration (EAI)?

Answer 17

Combination of methods and technologies for integration heterogenous systems

Question 18

What is data-oriented integration?

Answer 18

Integration of data and databases

Question 19

What are scheme conflicts in data-oriented integration?

Answer 19

• Structural conflicts in schemes of different DBs.

eg.:
* data types
* synonyms and homonyms
* scales
* accurateness
* integrity conditions

Question 20

What is integration via federated scheme?

Answer 20

Data integration by analyzing both schemes, identifying similarities and differences and creating a combination into a federated scheme. Also define mapping between local and federated scheme

Question 21

What is process-oriented integration?

Answer 21

Integration of applications and implementation of interfaces between applications

Question 22

What are the two types of process oriented architectures?

Answer 22

• Message oriented architectures: Message server or point to point
• Service oriented architectures