Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Broca’s area

A
  • frontal part of left hemisphere of right handed people
  • involved in speech function
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2
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

deficit in ability to produce language

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3
Q

Wernicke’s area

A
  • left hemisphere of most people
  • responsible for the ability to comprehend spoken language
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4
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia

A

ability to produce words not affected, loss in abillity to grasp meaning

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5
Q

Gyri

A
  • surface elevations
  • increase surface area of brain
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6
Q

Sulci

A
  • grooves
  • divide the cerebral cortex into gyri
  • central sulcus seperates frontal & parietal lobes
  • temporal & occipital lobes are enclosed by sulci
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7
Q

Fissures

A
  • deep grooves
  • longitudinal fissures seperates the 2 cerebral hemispheres
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8
Q

Motor cortex

A
  • region involved in voluntary muscle movements
  • processed by frontal lobe
  • functions :
    1. coordination of muscle movement
    2. planning of complex movements
    3. learning through imitation & empathy
  • comprises of primary motor cortex, premotor & supplementary motor
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9
Q

primary motor cortex

A
  • large pyramidal cells of precentral gyri
  • long axons - pyramidal tracts
  • allow conscious control of precise skilled voluntary movements
  • provides focused movements, appropriate strength and direction of motion
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10
Q

premotor cortex

A
  • anterior to precentral gyrus
  • controls learned, patterned behaviour
  • coordinates simultaneous actions
  • provides gross coordinated movements of arms, legs and head
  • involved in the planning on movements that depend on sensory feedback
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11
Q

supplementary motor area

A
  • located on the medial surface of cortex, anterior to primary motor cortex
  • provides bilateral movement in groups of muscle
  • responsible for planning and execution of planned movements
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12
Q

Sensory areas

A
  • occipital lobe - making sense of visual info & object recognition ( visual cortex )
  • parietal lobe - assessing touch, temp, pressure, pain
  • temporal lobe - processing hearing info
  • frontal lobe - processing taste, flavour
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13
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A
  • located in postcentral gyri, anterior part of parietal lobe
  • receives sensory info from skin, skeletal muscles, joints
  • capable of spatial discrimination
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14
Q

Association areas

A
  • spread throughout 4 lobes
  • functions :
  • organising & giving meaning to info from sensory + motor areas
  • personality and controlling emotional behavious
  • spatial awareness and reasoning
  • memory processing
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15
Q

prefrontal cortex

A
  • most complicated cortical region
  • involved with intellect, recall and personality
  • contains working memory needed for judgement, reasoning and conscience
  • development depends on feedback from social environment
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