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Premidterm Micro - Term 3 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Binary fission

A
  • This is how bacteria reproduce

- one parent cell divides into progeny cells

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2
Q

Generation time or doubling time

A

-Time required for complete fission replication

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3
Q

what is the common setting for bacterial samples

A
  • temperature - 35-37

- Time - 16-48 hours

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4
Q

Fastidious bacteria and give an example

A

This is bacteria that needs special conditions to grow

e.g - M.tuberculosis

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5
Q

Rich/complex media

A

This media is rich on nutrients which can grow a variety of microbes (Media with Soy )

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6
Q

Defined media

A

This media is tailored for specific organisms to grow

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7
Q

Selective Media

A
  • select for the growth of specific organisms

- limits the growth of others

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8
Q

Differential media

A

This media helps us differentiate bacteria based on different characteristics

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9
Q

How do we use the MacConkey agar

A

We use this to diffrentiate betwwen E.Coli and Salmonella

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10
Q

What happens when lactose is added to E.coli in a macConkey agar and why ?

A
  • You get a pink colony

- E.coli is a lactose fermenter

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11
Q

What happens when lactose is added to salmonella in a macConkey agar and why ?

A
  • Clear colony

- it is a non-lactose fermenter

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12
Q

Blood agar - Beta Hemolysis

A
  • Complete lysis of red blood

- clear zone around colony

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13
Q

Blood agar-Alpha Hemolysis

A
  • Partial lysis of red blood
  • green zone around colony
  • strep pneumoniae
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14
Q

Blood agar - gamma hemolysis

A

No lysis occurs

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15
Q

Lowenstein-Jensen Agar

A

Used Mycobacterium TB , high in lipids and oxygen

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16
Q

Thayer Martin Agar

A

-Used for Neisseria species

17
Q

How do you calculate colony forming unit from a calibrated loop

A

Colonies x dilution factor

18
Q

How do you calculate the bacteria that is present in the initial sample of a serial dilution

A

CFU/ amount plated x dilution factor (put all the values to the power of and then the amount of colonies to the power of is correct )

19
Q

What are the 4 phases of the growth curve

A

1) Lag phase
2) Exponential (log)-(maximum rate of division )
3) Stationary phase-population reaches max numbers
4) death phase

20
Q

psychrophilic

A

growth best at cold temperatures ( e.g food borne diseases like listeria )

21
Q

Mesophilic

A

grow best at human body temp

22
Q

Thermophilic and Hyperthermophiles

A

grow best at high tempretures (>65)

23
Q

Aw

A
  • amount of water free to react

- most bacteria need an Aw > 0.9 for optimum growth

24
Q

Why do gram positive bacteria last longer than gram negative bacteria

A

Gram positive bacteria can survive in low moisture environments due to the thick layer of peptidoglycan wall

25
Q

What are toxic products of aerobic respiration

A
  • superoxide radical

- hydrogen peroxide

26
Q

Superoxide Dismutase

A

Converts the superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide

27
Q

Catalase

A

Converts H202 to water and oxygen ( bubbles)

28
Q

True or False : Staph species are catalase -

A

false

29
Q

True or False : Strep species are catalase -

A

true

30
Q

Describe obligate aerobes

A
  • They need oxygen to survive , e.g - M. tuberculosis

- Colony forms at the top of the tube

31
Q

Facultative anaerobe

A
  • These can grow with or without oxygen
  • colonies form at the top and throughout the tube
  • e.g E.coli
32
Q

Aerotolerant Anaerobes

A
  • They can tolerate oxygen but do not require it
  • colonies spread evenly throughout the tube
  • e.g streptococcus pyogenes
33
Q

Obligate Anaerobe

A
  • Do NOT want oxygen
  • colonies gather at the bottom of the tube
  • e.g clostridium
34
Q

Microaerophiles

A
  • Need oxygen
  • but poisoned by high conc of oxygen
  • colonies in limbo in the tube
35
Q

Hemolysis pattern of strep pyogenes

A

Beta Hemolysis

36
Q

Hemolysis pattern of strep pneumoniae

A

Alpha hemolysis

37
Q

Hemolysis pattern of staph aureus

A

Beta hemolysis

38
Q

What gives transparent colonies in a macConkey plate

A
  • Salmonella

- Shigella

Premidterm Micro - Term 3 (4 decks)

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