lecture 4 - ROM assessment

Question 1

Tools for measuring ROM

Answer 1

angular measures:

• goniometer
• inclinometer

Linear measures
- tape measure

Eyeballing

Question 2

choice of measurement devices

Answer 2

• validity
• reliability
• practical consideration

Question 3

Key principles of measuring AROM

Answer 3

• standardise: patient position, landmarks, equipment, force
• measure: convention is to consider anatomical position to be 0 deg
• record: seperate measure for each direction not the total range

Question 4

Key principles measuring PROM

Answer 4

• Torque = Force x distance - consider where you place limb
• use gravity as reproducible force
• several stopping point options: P1, P2, R1, R2

Question 5

muscle length limiting ROM

Answer 5

• two-joint muscles can limit proximal and distal ROM

- One joint muscles only limit ROM at one location

Question 6

Two joint muscles

Answer 6

• if releasing stretch at the first joint increases range at the second joint -> muscle limiting ROM
• If releasing stretch at first joint doesn’t change range at second -> muscle not limiting ROM

Question 7

Passive accessory movements (PAM)

Answer 7

Short, straight lined passive movement of one joint surface relative to another

• glide: parallel to joint surface
• distraction: perpendicular to joint surface
• compression: perpendicular to joint surface

Question 8

Types of PAMs

Answer 8

AP
PA
caudal - distally
Cephalad - proximally

Question 9

Isometric muscle tests (IMT)

Answer 9

submaximal isometric contraction of a muscle against appropriate resistance