Lecture 4: Punishment and System

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

breaking a norm

Question 2

crime

Answer 2

deviance against the law (enforced by gov. time and date specific)

Question 3

law

Answer 3

enforced gov. rule

Question 4

punishment

Answer 4

controlled by historical and cultural/ geographical context

Question 5

formal punishment

Answer 5

penalization by judicial system for breaking law

Question 6

moral panic

Answer 6

widespread fear that occurs when many people believe when a form of deviance or crime is detrimental to society

Question 7

measuring crime

Answer 7

crime statistics of different levels (more property crimes, then violent)

Question 8

criminal profiles

Answer 8

different systemic separations of age, race, and gender in the justice system

Question 9

race

Answer 9

overrepresentation of certain minority groups

Question 10

gender

Answer 10

differences between men and women being in court. Men are 3x more likely to get arrested

Question 11

white collar/business

Answer 11

all individuals, including middle class who use the market place for their criminal activity (tax evasion, credit card fraud)

Question 12

violent crime

Answer 12

killing or violently harming a person

Question 13

street crime

Answer 13

(robbery, burglary) involves crime from lower status backgrounds

Question 14

social control

Answer 14

everyone would engage in deviance and crime if they could get away with it

Question 15

gender differences

Answer 15

men are 3x more likely to be arrested and make up 1/3rd of the court cases, (start later, end later)

Question 16

labelling theory

Answer 16

actions + responses from others. Judgements that we’re constantly and mutually created

Question 17

strain theory

Answer 17

Merton:
1. acceptance (x2) = conformity
2. Acceptance + reject = innovation
3. reject + accept = ritualism
4. reject (x2) = retreatism
5. new goals + new means = rebellion

Question 18

sanctions

Answer 18

deviant acts that go unnoticed or trivial

Question 19

negative sanctions

Answer 19

Action: indicating disapproval

Question 20

formal punishment

Answer 20

punishment through judicial system

Question 21

legalization / decriminalization goal

Answer 21

pose less harm to society than existing laws and too boost economy

Question 22

decriminalization and legalization consist of…

Answer 22

1. less harmful to society than existing laws
2. puts criminals out of business
3. shrinks size of prison population
4. creates legit business’/employment opp.
5. boost economy

Question 23

informal punishment

Answer 23

mild sanctions imposed during face-to-face interaction

Question 24

Medicalization

Answer 24

proliferation of mental disorders and diagnoses

Question 25

example of medicalization

Answer 25

1. idiocy/insanity (mid 19th century) present 294 listed in DSM-5
2. ADHD/ADD and PTSD

Question 26

deviance according to DSM-5

Answer 26

1. homosexuality (1973)
2. Hysteria (1980)

Question 27

Incarceration

Answer 27

deny prisoners their freedom
1. more humane then torture

Question 28

goals of incarceration

Answer 28

1. rehabilitation
2. deterrence
3. incapacitation
4. revenge (??)

Question 29

deterrence

Answer 29

less want to commit crimes

Question 30

Incapacitation

Answer 30

keep criminals out of society

Question 31

what happens when rehabilitated?

Answer 31

become productive members once released

Question 32

rehabilitation consists of…

Answer 32

1. education
2. individual and group therapy
3. substance abuse counselling
4. behaviour modification

Question 33

capital punishment

Answer 33

extreme uses of punishment (death penalty) and have an “eye-for-an-eye” mentality

Question 34

alternatives to punishment

Answer 34

1. Rehabilitations
2. Legalization/
   decriminalization
3. Diversion

Question 35

rehabilitation goal

Answer 35

treat prisoners with dignity and undo bad behaviour through job training, therapy, counselling, and behaviour modification

Question 36

diversion

Answer 36

form of restorative justice. Holds perpetrators accountable and victims get closer

Question 37

Diverting

Answer 37

incarcerated individuals from court and prison systems

Question 38

diverting is a…

Answer 38

form of restorative justice

Question 39

forms of restorative justice

Answer 39

1. holds offender accountable
2. addresses harm caused by crime
3. all parties can articulate their needs

Question 40

cons and pros of incarceration

Answer 40

P: introduced to incapacitate punish, deter and reform offenders
C: Fails to rehabilitate
C: Emphasizes suppression

Question 41

Indigenous Overrepresentation

Answer 41

1. poverty
2. age
3. street vs white collar
4. discrimination
5. colonialism

Question 42

Hush money

Answer 42

use money to manipulate sentences and criminal charges

Question 43

affects of hush money

Answer 43

1. tend to view victims as less creditable/manipulative
   /greedy if they chose to pursue civil trial