Lecture 4: Proteinuria and Systemic Disease Flashcards
A “routine” urine dipstick has a threshold for detecting protein (albumin) of what?
Turns + for >300 mg of albumin
A urine albumin to creatinine ration of >____ mg/g defines presence of microalbuminuria?
>30 mg/g
How can protein in urine be quanitified after a positive dipstick result?
Best if tested when?
- Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR) –> can be done on random (aka “spot”) urine sample
- Preferably 1st morning void
What is another method to quantify protein in urine, which also can provide a sample to do electrophoresis to determine which types of protein present?
24-hour urine collections —> protein, albumin, creatinine clearance
For a classification of Nephrotic Syndrome you need what 4 findings?
- Nephrotic range proteinuria
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hypoalbuminemia
- Edema
For a patient with an established diagnosis of type 2 DM, what is the annual screening recommendation that should be done to assess kidney function?
Annual ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio)
Which 2 drug classes can be used to slow the progression of proteinuria?
- ACE inhibitors
- ARB’s
What are 2 rheumatologic (autoimmune) causes of nephrotic syndrome?
- SLE
- Rheumatoid arthritis
What are 4 infectious agents which can cause nephrotic syndrome?
- HBV and HCV
- HIV
- Syphillis
- Tuberculosis
What are 3 legal/illegal drugs which can cause nephrotic syndrome?
- NSAIDs
- Lithium
- IV heroin abuse