Lecture 4: Proteinuria and Systemic Disease Flashcards

1
Q

A “routine” urine dipstick has a threshold for detecting protein (albumin) of what?

A

Turns + for >300 mg of albumin

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2
Q

A urine albumin to creatinine ration of >____ mg/g defines presence of microalbuminuria?

A

>30 mg/g

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3
Q

How can protein in urine be quanitified after a positive dipstick result?

Best if tested when?

A
  • Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR) –> can be done on random (aka “spot”) urine sample
  • Preferably 1st morning void
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4
Q

What is another method to quantify protein in urine, which also can provide a sample to do electrophoresis to determine which types of protein present?

A

24-hour urine collections —> protein, albumin, creatinine clearance

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5
Q

For a classification of Nephrotic Syndrome you need what 4 findings?

A
  • Nephrotic range proteinuria
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • Edema
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6
Q

For a patient with an established diagnosis of type 2 DM, what is the annual screening recommendation that should be done to assess kidney function?

A

Annual ACR (albumin/creatinine ratio)

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7
Q

Which 2 drug classes can be used to slow the progression of proteinuria?

A
  • ACE inhibitors
  • ARB’s
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8
Q

What are 2 rheumatologic (autoimmune) causes of nephrotic syndrome?

A
  • SLE
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
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9
Q

What are 4 infectious agents which can cause nephrotic syndrome?

A
  • HBV and HCV
  • HIV
  • Syphillis
  • Tuberculosis
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10
Q

What are 3 legal/illegal drugs which can cause nephrotic syndrome?

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Lithium
  • IV heroin abuse
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