Lecture 4- Heart and Great Vessels

Question 1

How many halves is the heart organised into?

Answer 1

2; right and left side

Question 2

Explain the entry and exit of blood across the heart.

Answer 2

Deoxygenated blood is brought in from the body after the tissues have collected oxygenated blood into the right atrium of the heart then into the right ventricle.
This blood moves out of the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary artery and takes the deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
This then picks up the oxygen and then the pulmonary veins (2 on each side of lungs) brings the oxygenated blood back to the left atrium and left ventricle followed by leaving the aorta.

Question 3

What are the 2 types of circuits?

Answer 3

Systemic and Pulmonary

Question 4

Which part of the mediastinum does the heart sit ?

Answer 4

The central mediastinum directly above the diaphragm

Question 5

What is the central mediastinum formed by?

Answer 5

Pericardium

Question 6

Where does the heart sit?

Answer 6

Pericardial sac of the mediastinum

Question 7

What nerves run beside the heart towards the diaphragm on either side?

Answer 7

Phrenic nerve

Question 8

What is the name of the muscle layer of the heart?

Answer 8

Myocardium

Question 9

What are the three layers of the pericardium?

Answer 9

Fibrous pericardium
Parietal layer of the pericardium
Pericardial cavity

Question 10

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

Answer 10

Epicardium (covering of heart) (visceral)
Myocardium (muscle layer of heart)
Endocardium (internal layer of heart)

Question 11

Where are the blood vessels located in the heart?

Answer 11

On the epicardial surface/outer surface