Chambers of the Heart Flashcards
What are the 4 chambers of the heart?
Right and left atria
Right and left ventricle
The right atrium forms the right border of the heart and receives _______ (1 word) blood from the SVC, IVC and ________________ (2 words)
Venous
Coronary Sinus
Definition: Ear-like, small, conical muscular pouch that projects from the right atrium, increasing the capacity of the atrium that overlaps the ascending aorta.
Word: ______________ (2 words)
Right auricle
What represents the right auricle in adults?
Primordial atrium
The definitive atrium is enlarged by incorporating most of the _____________________ (3 words)
embryonic venous sinus
Where does the coronary sinus lie and where is the blood received from?
Lies in the posterior part of the coronary sulcus and receives blood from the cardiac veins
The coronary sinus is also a derivative of the __________________ (3 words)
embryonic venous sinus
What is the sinus venarum of the adult right atrium?
The part of the venous sinus incorporated into the primordial atrium; is smooth walled.
What is the sulcus terminalis?
The separation between the primordial atrium and the sinus venarum indicated externally
What is the crista terminalis?
The separation between the primordial atrium and the sinus venarum indicated internally
What is the interior of the right atrium composed of?
A smooth, thin-walled posterior part (the sinus venarum) where the SVC,IVC and the coronary sinus open bringing poorly oxygenated blood into the heart
What is the pectinate muscles?
A rough muscular wall
Where does the opening of the SVC go to?
Its superior part at the level of the right 3rd costal cartilage
The opening of the IVC goes where?
Into the inferior part, almost in line with the SVC at approximately the level of the 5th costal cartilage
Where is the opening of the coronary sinus?
Between the right atrioventricular (AV) orifice and the IVC orifice
What is the purpose of the right AV orifice?
Its through which the right atrium discharges the poorly oxygenated blood into the right ventricle during ventricular relaxation (diastole).
What is the Interatrial septum?
Separating the atrial, has an oval, thumbprint-size depression, the oval fossa; a remnant of the oval foramen and its valve in the fetus.
Which chamber forms the largest part of the anterior surface of the heart, a small part of the diaphragmatic surface and almost the entire inferior border of the heart?
Right ventricle
In which anatomical direction does the right ventricle taper into an arterial cone?
Superiorly
What is the name of the arterial cone?
Conus arteriosus (infundibulum)
What are the irregular muscular elevations in the interior of the right ventricle called?
Trabeculae carneae
What is a supraventricular crest?
A thick muscular ridge that separates the ridged muscular wall of the inflow part of the chamber from the smooth wall of the conus arteriosus or outflow part of the right ventricle
What is the role of the right AV (tricuspid) orifice?
It is an inflow part of the right ventricle that receives blood from the right atrium.
Where is the right AV (tricuspid) orifice located?
Posterior to the body of the sternum at the level of the 4th and 5th intercostal spaces
The right AV orifice is surrounded by a _________ ring that resists the dilation that might otherwise result from blood being forced through it at varying pressures
Fibrous
________________ (2 words) attach to the free edges and ventricular surfaces of the anterior, posterior and septal cusps.
Tendinous cords
What is the role of the papillary muscles?
Form conical projections with their bases attached to the ventricular wall and tendinous cords arising from their apices.
How many papillary muscles are there in the right ventricle? Name them.
3; anterior, posterior and septal
What is the interventricular (IV) septum?
Its a membranous and muscular part that is strong and obliquely placed between the right and left ventricles
Which part of the IV septum is thin and continuous with fibrous skeleton of the heart?
Superoposterior membranous
Which part of the IV septum is thick and bulges into the cavity of the right ventricle because of high blood pressure in the left ventricle?
Muscular part
What is the septomarginal trabecula?
A curved muscular bundle that runs from the inferior part of the IV septum to the base of the anterior papillary muscle
Why is the septomarginal trabecula considered important?
It carries parts of the right bundle branches of the AV bundle of the conducting system of the heart to the anterior papillary muscle.
