Lecture 4- Derm

Question 1

what is the most common benign tumor in older individuals?

Answer 1

Seborrheic keratosis

Question 2

what is the main purpose of the skin?

Answer 2

Maintain homeostasis

Question 3

Radicular pain followed by the appearance of tense, grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in a dermatological distribution pattern

Answer 3

Shingles

Question 4

complications of shingles

Answer 4

postherpatic neuralgia
ocular complications
disseminated dz (in more than one dematome)

Question 5

how do you treat singles

Answer 5

Keep lesions clean with soap and water
mild analgesic
itches w/ antihistamine
possibly antivirals

Question 6

when can you get a vaccination for shingles?

Answer 6

Over age 60

live attenuated virus

Question 7

Initial manifestation – edema

Due to incompetent valves

Answer 7

venous insufficiency

Question 8

The most common cause of arterial insufficiency is

Answer 8

atherosclerotic disease;

Question 9

Normal veins that have dilated under the influence of increased venous pressure.

Answer 9

spider veins

Question 10

spider veins occur in the elderly due to the elastic lamina of the vein becoming ______ and the smooth muscle layer beginning to degenerate

Answer 10

atrophic

Question 11

how do you treat spider veins?

Answer 11

Sclerotherapy

Question 12

are due to failure of the sphincteric muscle surrounding a cutaneous arteriole. This is caused by high levels of estrogen in the blood.

Answer 12

Spider angioma

Question 13

what can spider angiomas indicate

Answer 13

liver disease, pregnancy, or vitamin B deficiency. Can be normal.

Question 14

tx for spider angioma

Answer 14

Most resolve spontaneously.

Can treat underlying liver disease if that is the cause.

Question 15

where are spider angiomas rarely found

Answer 15

below the waist

Question 16

Is there an underlying conditions with cherry angioma?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Subcutaneous purpura of greater than 1 cm in diameter

Answer 17

Ecchymosis

Question 18

significance of ecchymosis

Answer 18

Consider bleeding disorder, blood thinners, trauma, liver issues, kidney issues.

Question 19

Deep red/reddish purple ecchymoses. Rounded, irregular, flat.
Appears on forearms often.

Answer 19

Actinic Purpura

Question 20

treatment for actinic purpura

Answer 20

Laser therapy
Tretinoin: increases dermal collagen
Prevention

Question 21

Whitish-yellowish, brown, black raised painless papule/plaque on the face, chest, shoulders, or back often in groups. Round, oval.

Answer 21

Seborrheic Keratosis

Question 22

tx for Seborrheic Keratosis

Answer 22

Cryosurgery w/ liquid nitrogen.
Curettage.
Electrocautery.
Laser cautery

Question 23

Common mole from pigmented cells appearing as a small brown, tan, skin-colored spot that is uniform in color.

Answer 23

benign nevi

Question 24

Nevi tx

Answer 24

Surgical excision and surgical shave of the entire mole and margin or normal tissue.
Cosmetic concealing.

Question 25

what is a precancerous lesion?

Answer 25

Actinic Keratosis

Question 26

do actinic purpura blanch?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Pearly white or waxy bumps (often containing visible blood vessels)
Flat, scaly, brown, or flesh colored patch

Answer 27

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 28

Usually appears on sun-exposed skin of fair skinned adults older than the age of 60.
Most commonly develop from the precursor lesion-actinic keratosis
Firm, red nodule
Flat sore with a scaly crust

Answer 28

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 29

texture of squamous cell carcioma

Answer 29

Sand paper like

Question 30

what type biopsy should you use for melanoma?

Answer 30

Punch biopsy (not shave) need full thickness to stage