Lecture 4- Derm Flashcards
what is the most common benign tumor in older individuals?
Seborrheic keratosis
what is the main purpose of the skin?
Maintain homeostasis
Radicular pain followed by the appearance of tense, grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in a dermatological distribution pattern
Shingles
complications of shingles
postherpatic neuralgia
ocular complications
disseminated dz (in more than one dematome)
how do you treat singles
Keep lesions clean with soap and water
mild analgesic
itches w/ antihistamine
possibly antivirals
when can you get a vaccination for shingles?
Over age 60
live attenuated virus
Initial manifestation – edema
Due to incompetent valves
venous insufficiency
The most common cause of arterial insufficiency is
atherosclerotic disease;
Normal veins that have dilated under the influence of increased venous pressure.
spider veins
spider veins occur in the elderly due to the elastic lamina of the vein becoming ______ and the smooth muscle layer beginning to degenerate
atrophic
how do you treat spider veins?
Sclerotherapy
are due to failure of the sphincteric muscle surrounding a cutaneous arteriole. This is caused by high levels of estrogen in the blood.
Spider angioma
what can spider angiomas indicate
liver disease, pregnancy, or vitamin B deficiency. Can be normal.
tx for spider angioma
Most resolve spontaneously.
Can treat underlying liver disease if that is the cause.
where are spider angiomas rarely found
below the waist
Is there an underlying conditions with cherry angioma?
No
Subcutaneous purpura of greater than 1 cm in diameter
Ecchymosis
significance of ecchymosis
Consider bleeding disorder, blood thinners, trauma, liver issues, kidney issues.
Deep red/reddish purple ecchymoses. Rounded, irregular, flat.
Appears on forearms often.
Actinic Purpura
treatment for actinic purpura
Laser therapy
Tretinoin: increases dermal collagen
Prevention
Whitish-yellowish, brown, black raised painless papule/plaque on the face, chest, shoulders, or back often in groups. Round, oval.
Seborrheic Keratosis
tx for Seborrheic Keratosis
Cryosurgery w/ liquid nitrogen.
Curettage.
Electrocautery.
Laser cautery
Common mole from pigmented cells appearing as a small brown, tan, skin-colored spot that is uniform in color.
benign nevi
Nevi tx
Surgical excision and surgical shave of the entire mole and margin or normal tissue.
Cosmetic concealing.
what is a precancerous lesion?
Actinic Keratosis
do actinic purpura blanch?
No
Pearly white or waxy bumps (often containing visible blood vessels)
Flat, scaly, brown, or flesh colored patch
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Usually appears on sun-exposed skin of fair skinned adults older than the age of 60.
Most commonly develop from the precursor lesion-actinic keratosis
Firm, red nodule
Flat sore with a scaly crust
Squamous cell carcinoma
texture of squamous cell carcioma
Sand paper like
what type biopsy should you use for melanoma?
Punch biopsy (not shave) need full thickness to stage
