Lecture 4- Anemia Flashcards
watermelon stomach is a significant cause of acute or chronic gastrointestinal blood loss in the elderly. is characterized endoscopically by “watermelon stripes.”
Vascular ectasia
What is anemia of chronic dz associated w/?
Chronic inflammatory disease
Neoplasia
A congenital or acquired defect affecting the biosynthesis of:
Heme
Iron-sulfur cluster generation
Mitochondrial protein synthesis within a RBC precursor
Sideroblastic Anemia
2 macrocytic anemias
B12 and Folate deficiency
what are spoon shaped nail beds
Koilonychia
most frequently used for iron deficiency anemia.
Serum ferritin-
Hb below the WHO threshold
(Hb < 13 g/dL for men; < 12 g/dL for women)
how do you treat sideroblastic anemia?
Trial of pyridoxine
what nutrients do elderly need more of?
calcium
protein
what nutrients do elderly need less of?
calories
symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Neuropathy
ataxia
dementia
when should you screen for B12 deficiency?
> 65 years
what is the number one reason for weight loss
depression then malignancy
what is MUST
malnutrition universal screening tool.
BMI, weight loss, anorexia.
what is MST
malnutrition screening tool
for acutely hospitalized patients
What is MNA
mini-nutritional assessment
questions specific to diet
predicts poor outcomes in patients
lab tests for malnutrition.
lipids, CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel, albumin, total protein
if a person’s terminal ileum is taken out, what do they need to be supplemented with?
supplement with Vit B 12
what is pernicious anemia?
deficiency in intrinsic factor
what vitamin helps to absorb iron?
vitamin C
