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HUBS192 Module 1 > Lecture 4 Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

The blood vascular system
A. Is a continuous, open-entry drainage system
B. Is a one-way, open entry drainage system
C. Is a continuous, closed supply and drainage system
D. Is a one-way, closed supply drainage system.

A

C

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2
Q

The lymphatic system (vascular)

A

An open-entry system (one way)

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3
Q 
Arteries change their names based upon which of the following? 
A. Diameter 
B. Branch 
C. Direction 
D. Organ.
A

B

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4
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Continuous capillaries are controlled but leaky.
B. Sinusoidal capillaries are tight and controlled
C. Fenestrated capillaries are leaky
D. To pump blood back to the heart, veins have higher pressure than arteries.

A

C

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is true?
A. The right atrium receives the four pulmonary veins
B. The right atrium receives the superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava
C. The left atrium receives the superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava
D. The heart is surrounded by a layer of the fibrous endocardium

A

B. The right atrium also receives the coronary sinus

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6
Q

The interventricular septum
A. separates the left and right atria
B. Separates the pericardial cavity from the ventricles
C. Separates the four pulmonary veins
D. Separates the left and right ventricles.

A

D.

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7
Q 
Which structure is responsible for preventing blood from returning to the right atrium during ventricular contraction? 
A. chordae tendinae
B. Bicuspid lavlve 
C. Tricuspid valve 
D. Epicardium
A

C.

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8
Q 
Which of the following blood vessels assists with cardiac muscle supply? 
A. Circumflex artery 
B. Coronary sinus 
C.  Aorta 
D. Small cardiac vein
A

Circumflex artery

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9
Q

Cardiac muscle structure can best be described as
A. Striated, short, skinny, and interconnected by intercalated disks.
B. Striated, long, skinny, nucleus packed at the poles, interconnected by chemical synapses
C. Striated, long, fat, central nucleus, interconnected by desmosomes.
D. Striated, short, fat, central nucleus, interconnected by intercalated disks.

A

D

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10
Q

Which of the folowing best describes the conduction pathway of the heart?
A. SA node, AV node, internodal pathways, AV bundle, Purkinje fibres
B. AV node, SA node, internodal pathways, AV bundle, Purkinje fibres
C. AV bundle, AV node, internodal pathways. SA node, purkinje fibres
D. SA node, internodal, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibres

A

D

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11
Q

The three layers of blood vessel walls, from into our is best described as
A. Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
B. Endothelium, sub-endothelium, internal elastic lamina
C. Tunica adventitia, tunica media, tunica intima
D. Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium

A

A

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12
Q 
The tunica media 
A. Consists of smooth muscle 
B. Consists of cardiac muscle 
C. Has a thickness proportional to vessel diameter and blood pressure 
D. Both A and C
A

D

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13
Q 
The tunica adventitia 
A. Contains loose FCt 
B. Contains vasa vasorum in larger vessels 
C. Contains the internal elastic lamina 
D. Both A and B
A

D

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14
Q 
Which of the following vessels would require the most elasticity? 
A. Femoral vein 
B. Femoral artery 
C. Thoracic aorta 
D. Coronary artery
A

C. Arteries under high pressure must be accommodated by the ability to be elastic, in this case the aorta would require the most.

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15
Q

Capillaries are best known for which of the following functions?
A. Beginning of the collecting/drainage system
B. Site of exchange between blood and tissues
C. Acting as capacitance vessels.
D. Acting as resistance vessels and determine blood pressure

A

B

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16
Q

Heart contraction is best described as
A. Right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium
B. Right atrium, right and left ventricles simultaneously, left atrium
C. RIght and left atria simultaneously, right and left ventricles simultaneously
D. Right and left ventricles simultaneously, right and left atria simulatenously

A

C

17
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The tricuspid and mitral valves control flow between the ventricles and circulatory vessels.
B. The heart can be described as two pumps that lie in parallel
C. Every cardiomyocyte is activated during each beat of the heart
D. The arterial circuit sends oxygen-rich blood to the tissues and brings oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

A

C

18
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE ?
A. Ventricular power is not equal between right and left ventricles
B. Pulmonary and systemic blood flow is equal
C. Pulmonary and systemic blood pressure is not equal
D. None of the above, they are all true.

A

D

19
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Flow-through blood vessels is determined by pressure and resistance
B. Cellular contraction is initiated by a decrease in cytosolic Ca2+ levels
C. Mean arterial blood pressure is normally equal to systolic blood pressure
D. The pulmonary circuit is supplied by the left ventricle.

A

A

20
Q 
In an electrocardiogram, the P wave is mainly representative of 
A. Ventricular depolarisation 
B. Ventricular repolarisation 
C. Atrial repolarisation 
D. Atrial depolarisation
A

D

21
Q 
In an electrocardiogram, the QRS is mainly representative of 
A. Ventricular depolarisation 
B. Ventricular repolarisation 
C. Atrial repolarisation 
D. Atrial depolarisation
A

A.

22
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUS?
A. Capillary beds have a relatively small cross-sectional area
B. Precapillary sphincters are composed of smooth muscle cells
C. The lymph vascular system absorbs fat from the intestines
D. Both B and C

A

D

23
Q 
The collecting vessel which lacteals drain fat-laden lymph is called 
A. The cisterna chyli 
B. The thoracic duct 
C. The internal jugular vein 
D. The lymphatic duct.
A

A

24
Q 
Which vessel of the blood vacular system receives lymph from the left side of the body? 
A. The aorta 
B. The thoracic duct 
C. The left subclavian vein 
D. The cisterna chyli
A

C

25
Q

Left ventricle weaknesses may result in
A. Higher pulmonary blood pressure
B. Higher systemic circulation blood pressure
C. Lower blood pressure in the large systemic arteries
D. Decreased heart rate

A

C`

26
Q

Cardiac output is determined by which of the following?
A. Mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance
B. Stroke volume and heart rate
C. Total peripheral resistance and heart rate
D. Higher systemic blood pressure and lower pulmonary blood pressure.

A

B.

27
Q 
A hematocrit is a percentage of total blood volume occupied by:: 
A. White blood cells 
B. Mast cells 
C. Red blood cells 
D. Platelets
A

Red blood cells

27
Q 
A hematocrit is a percentage of total blood volume occupied by:: 
A. White blood cells 
B. Mast cells 
C. Red blood cells 
D. Platelets
A

Red blood cells

28
Q

The pulmonary circuit carries ________ blood _____from the heart from the right ventricle to the lung and then brings oxygenated blood back into the heart via the left atrium and ventricle of the heart

A

deoxygenated, away

29
Q

Systemic circuit carries _____ blood from the heart to the body and returns deo-oxygenated blood of the heart.

A

oxygenated

30
Q

Explain why the systemic and pulmonary circuit are in series

A

This ensures that all blood flows to the lungs before flowing through the systemic circulation and to all organs

31
Q

Why does the systemic circuit lie in parallel with each other?

A

Makes sure that all organs receive the oxygenated-rich blood that left the lungs and no organs exc. the liver receive the CO2 rich blood leaving another organ.

32
Q

Adhesion belts link ____ to _____

A

Actin to actin.

33
Q

Desmosomes link ______ to _____

A

Cytokeratin to cytokeratin

34
Q

Gap junctions provide ______ communication

A

electrochemical

HUBS192 Module 1 (11 decks)

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