Lecture 4 - BLOAD Management of Hyperopia Flashcards
A 2 diopter myope looks at an object 25 cm away while accommodating 1 diopter without correction. How much blur does this eye have?
1D of blur
Blur = (0) + (-4) + (+1) + (+2) = -1
A 6 D myope looks at an object 20 ft away while not accommodating. No correction is in place. How many diopters of blur does this eye have?
6D of blur
Blur = (0) + (0) + (0) + (+6) = 6D
A 6 D myope looks at an object 20 ft away while not accommodating. The patient is wearing their old Rx of -4.00DS. How many diopters of blur does this eye have?
2D of blur
Blur = (-4) + (0) + (0) + (+6) = +2 D
A 3 diopter myope looks at an object 30 cm away while accommodating 1 diopter and wearing a -2 spectacle correction. How much blur does this eye have?
-1D of blur
Blur = (-2) + (-3) + (+1) + (+3) = -1D
A 2 diopter myope looks at an object 40 cm away while wearing a -2 correction. He has zero blur. How much is he accommodating?
A = +2.5
0 = (-2) + (-2.5) + (A) + (+2)
A 2 diopter hyperope looks at an object 40 cm away while wearing a +1D correction. He has zero blur. How much is she accommodating?
A= +3.5
0 = (+1) + (-2.5) + (A) + (-2)
A 2 diopter hyperope looks at an object 40 cm away without spectacles. He has an amplitude of accommodation of 4 D. What reading Rx would the patient need to have zero blur?
L= -0.5
0 = (L) + (-2.5) + (+4) + (-2)
What is the definition of “pathological” hyperopia?
Abnormal ocular anatomy due to maldevelopment, ocular disease or trauma.
If a pt. has a relatively flat corneal curvature, what type of ametropia would this indicate?
Hyperopia
True of False. Young hyperopes can have the ability to increase the power of the eye in order to enhance their viewing of objects at distance?
True.
True of False. Most full term infants are 2.00D of myopia.
False. They are hyperopic.
Note: By age 5, the normal refractive error if mild hyperopia.
What are the magnitudes of hyperopia?
Low equal or less than +2.00 D
Moderate +2.25 D to +5.00 D
High Greater than +5.00D
What is manifest hyperopia?
Hyperopia measured by “relaxation” of accomodation with the addition of plus lenses during the refraction.
Note: This is without the use of cyclplegic drops
What is latent hyperopia?
Portion of the total hyperopia compensated for by the tonicity of the ciliary muscle.
Note: Usage of cycloplegic drugs
True or False. Total hyperopia will equal the amount of hyperopia revealed with the “wet” refraction.
True.
Note: Manifest Hyperopia + Latent Hyperopia = Total Hyperopia
How do you get Latent Hyperopia?
Wet Refraction - Dry Refraction = Latent Hyperopia
If a pt. is esophoric at distance of near. What could this indicate?
Latent hyperopia
If a pt. shows a high NRA and low PRA. What kind of ametropia can this indicate?
Latent Hyperopia
What type of hyperopia can overcome or self correct by accommodation?
Facultative hyperopia.
What type of hyperopia cannot be overcome or compensated by accommodation?
Absolute.
Re: General rule for comfort for hyperopes
A pt. will be comfortable if he uses no more than _____ of their amp. of accommodation?
Half
What is the Hofstetter’s formula?
Amp. = 15 - AGE/4
A 5yr old pt. is brought in to your clinic. What type of complaints would you hear in regards to hyperopia?
Usually no complaints.
At what age would you see hyperopia and signs of computer related issues?
6 to 20 yrs of age.
What age group would start to have latent hyperopia turn into manifest hyperopia.
20 to 40 yrs old. Young adult.
What is the number one thing to listen to during an examination of a hyperope?
HISTORY!
What test is a good tool to tell if a pt. is a hyperope?
Plus lens test!
What time period do you not give full plus to babies?
the first 36 months
