Lecture 4 - BLOAD Management of Hyperopia

Question 1

A 2 diopter myope looks at an object 25 cm away while accommodating 1 diopter without correction. How much blur does this eye have?

Answer 1

1D of blur

Blur = (0) + (-4) + (+1) + (+2) = -1

Question 2

A 6 D myope looks at an object 20 ft away while not accommodating. No correction is in place. How many diopters of blur does this eye have?

Answer 2

6D of blur

Blur = (0) + (0) + (0) + (+6) = 6D

Question 3

A 6 D myope looks at an object 20 ft away while not accommodating. The patient is wearing their old Rx of -4.00DS. How many diopters of blur does this eye have?

Answer 3

2D of blur

Blur = (-4) + (0) + (0) + (+6) = +2 D

Question 4

A 3 diopter myope looks at an object 30 cm away while accommodating 1 diopter and wearing a -2 spectacle correction. How much blur does this eye have?

Answer 4

-1D of blur

Blur = (-2) + (-3) + (+1) + (+3) = -1D

Question 5

A 2 diopter myope looks at an object 40 cm away while wearing a -2 correction. He has zero blur. How much is he accommodating?

Answer 5

A = +2.5

0 = (-2) + (-2.5) + (A) + (+2)

Question 6

A 2 diopter hyperope looks at an object 40 cm away while wearing a +1D correction. He has zero blur. How much is she accommodating?

Answer 6

A= +3.5

0 = (+1) + (-2.5) + (A) + (-2)

Question 7

A 2 diopter hyperope looks at an object 40 cm away without spectacles. He has an amplitude of accommodation of 4 D. What reading Rx would the patient need to have zero blur?

Answer 7

L= -0.5

0 = (L) + (-2.5) + (+4) + (-2)

Question 8

What is the definition of “pathological” hyperopia?

Answer 8

Abnormal ocular anatomy due to maldevelopment, ocular disease or trauma.

Question 9

If a pt. has a relatively flat corneal curvature, what type of ametropia would this indicate?

Answer 9

Hyperopia

Question 10

True of False. Young hyperopes can have the ability to increase the power of the eye in order to enhance their viewing of objects at distance?

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

True of False. Most full term infants are 2.00D of myopia.

Answer 11

False. They are hyperopic.

Note: By age 5, the normal refractive error if mild hyperopia.

Question 12

What are the magnitudes of hyperopia?

Answer 12

Low equal or less than +2.00 D

Moderate +2.25 D to +5.00 D

High Greater than +5.00D

Question 13

What is manifest hyperopia?

Answer 13

Hyperopia measured by “relaxation” of accomodation with the addition of plus lenses during the refraction.

Note: This is without the use of cyclplegic drops

Question 14

What is latent hyperopia?

Answer 14

Portion of the total hyperopia compensated for by the tonicity of the ciliary muscle.

Note: Usage of cycloplegic drugs

Question 15

True or False. Total hyperopia will equal the amount of hyperopia revealed with the “wet” refraction.

Answer 15

True.

Note: Manifest Hyperopia + Latent Hyperopia = Total Hyperopia

Question 16

How do you get Latent Hyperopia?

Answer 16

Wet Refraction - Dry Refraction = Latent Hyperopia

Question 17

If a pt. is esophoric at distance of near. What could this indicate?

Answer 17

Latent hyperopia

Question 18

If a pt. shows a high NRA and low PRA. What kind of ametropia can this indicate?

Answer 18

Latent Hyperopia

Question 19

What type of hyperopia can overcome or self correct by accommodation?

Answer 19

Facultative hyperopia.

Question 20

What type of hyperopia cannot be overcome or compensated by accommodation?

Answer 20

Absolute.

Question 21

Re: General rule for comfort for hyperopes

A pt. will be comfortable if he uses no more than _____ of their amp. of accommodation?

Answer 21

Half

Question 22

What is the Hofstetter’s formula?

Answer 22

Amp. = 15 - AGE/4

Question 23

A 5yr old pt. is brought in to your clinic. What type of complaints would you hear in regards to hyperopia?

Answer 23

Usually no complaints.

Question 24

At what age would you see hyperopia and signs of computer related issues?

Answer 24

6 to 20 yrs of age.

Question 25

What age group would start to have latent hyperopia turn into manifest hyperopia.

Answer 25

20 to 40 yrs old. Young adult.

Question 26

What is the number one thing to listen to during an examination of a hyperope?

Answer 26

HISTORY!

Question 27

What test is a good tool to tell if a pt. is a hyperope?

Answer 27

Plus lens test!

Question 28

What time period do you not give full plus to babies?

Answer 28

the first 36 months