Lecture 4 Flashcards
What is the anatomical position?
Standing upright with feet about shoulder width apart facing forward, face forwards palms facing forward and is the same regardless of motion (always must compare movements to this position)
What two terms refer to vertical relative location?
Superior (higher on the body in anatomical position), inferior (lower on the body in anatomical postion).
What two terms refer to the back and front portions of the body?
Anterior: more frontal on the body in anatomical position
Posterior: more towards the back in anatomical position.
What two terms refer to location relative to the medial line of the body?
Medial: located closer to the medial line of the body in anatomical position.
Lateral: located further from the medial line of the body in anatomical position.
What two terms refer to the closeness of a limb to the trunk of the body?
Distal: further from the trunk of the body.
Proximal: closer to the trunk of the body.
What two terms relate to the distance from the surface of the body?
Deep: further from the surface.
Superficial: closer to the surface.
What are the three planes of the body?
Saggital: divides the body into left and right.
Coronal: divides the body into front and back.
Transverse: divides the body into superior and inferior.
What movements act in the saggital plane?
Flexion: decreases angle at the joint.
Extension: increases angle at the joint.
Dorsiflexion: toes brought towards the face
Plantarflexion: toes pointing towards the ground.
All of these act in the saggital plane.
What movements act in the coronal plane?
Abduction: movement at the joint causing the limb to move away from the midline.
Adduction: movement at joint which moves the limb towards the midline.
What is circumduction?
A movement which arises from extension, flexion, adduction and abduction (similar to rotation, but not rotation).
What movement occurs in the transverse plane? What directions can it be?
Rotation: the rotation around the long axis of a joint. Can be lateral or medial rotation.
What are the specialised movements?
Pronation: when the palm faces posterior (ulna crosses over radius)
Supination: palm faced anterior and the forearm bones are parallel.
Inversion: Sole of foot faces towards the midline
Eversion: Sole of foot turns away from the midline.
