Lecture 4 Flashcards
Innate immunity
All animals
Recognition of traits shared by broad range of pathogens using small set of receptors
Rapid response
Barrier and internal defences
Barrier defences
Innate immunity
Skin, mucous membranes and secretions
Internal defences
Innate immunity
Phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response
Adaptive immunity
Vertebrates only
Recognition of traits specific to particular pathogens using small set of receptors
Slower response
Humoral response
Adaptive immunity
Antibodies defend against infection in body fluids
Cell mediated response
Adaptive immunity
Cytotoxic cells defend against infection in body cells
Where is lymph?
Within lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
What do lymphatic capillaries do?
Drains tissue
Where and how does lymph drain
Drains into the blood stream above the heart by the thoracic (left lymphatic) duct
Area drained by right lymphatic duct?
Right arm, right half of chest and right half of head
Area drained by thoracic duct?
Left half of head, left arm, left half of chest, abdomen and both legs
Immune response step 1
Immediate inflammatory response
(Neighbourhood watch)
Mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages/dendritic cells
Immune response step 2
Specific helper T cell activation
(Alarm#1)
Antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells (APC) to appropriate T cells in lymph nodes
Immune response step 3
B cell activation
(Alarm#2)
Specific T cells and B cells interact in lymph nodes
Immune response step 4
B cell clonal expansion
(Response)
B cells then divide and produce antibodies
