Lecture 1

Question 1

How many litres of blood in the body? (Adult and newborn)

Answer 1

5L in adult

300mL in newborn infant

Question 2

How much blood circulates per day?

Answer 2

14,000L

Question 3

Circulation time?

Answer 3

1 minute

Question 4

How much blood per beat?

Answer 4

70mL

Question 5

What is angiography?

Answer 5

The real time display of heart arteries using dye pumped through a catheter inserted in the groin.

Question 6

Blood functions

Answer 6

Transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wasted and hormones
Regulation of temperature, pH and salinity
Protection- Leakage control system: blood clotting and - Immune system: surveillance circuit, white blood cells and antibody molecules

Question 7

Components of Blood

Answer 7

55% plasma:
91.5% water and 7% proteins (albumins 54% and globulins 38%)

45% formed elements:
More than 99% red blood cells, white blood cells (70% neutrophils and 22% lymphocytes)

Question 8

Erythrocytes

Answer 8

RBC
5-6 million per microL of blood
Transport 02 and C02

Question 9

Leukocytes

Answer 9

WBC
5000-10000 per microL of blood
Defence and immunity
Basophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte

Question 10

Platelets

Answer 10

250000-400000 per microL of blood

Blood clotting

Question 11

Plasma - Water function

Answer 11

Solvent for carrying other substances

Question 12

Plasma - Ions functions

Answer 12

Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, HCO3+
Osmotic balance
pH buffering
Regulation of membrane permeability

Question 13

Plasma - plasma proteins functions

Answer 13

Albumin: 
Osmotic balance and pH buffering 
Fibrinogen:
Clotting
Immunoglobulin (antibodies):
Defence

Question 14

Plasma - substances transported by blood

Answer 14

Nutrients (glucose, fatty acids, vitamins)
Waste products of metabolism
Respiratory gases (O2 and CO2)
Hormones