lecture 4

Question 1

what is the major sensory nerve to the face? that also has motor muscles for mastication.

Answer 1

trigeminal nerve (CNX)

Question 2

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 2

V1 - opthalmic
V2- maxillary
V3 - mandibular

Question 3

what does the maxillary nerve emerge superficially as?

Answer 3

infraorbital n.

Question 4

what does the mandibular nerve emerge superficially as?

Answer 4

mental n.

Question 5

what nerves of the face are sometimes blocked for local anesthesia?

Answer 5

infraorbital n. and mental n.

Question 6

what are the motor functions of the facial nerve?

Answer 6

caudal belly of the digastricus and muscles of facial expression

Question 7

what are the autonomic functions of the facial nerve?

Answer 7

lacrimal, mandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Question 8

what are the sensory functions of the facial nerve?

Answer 8

concave surface of ear and rostral 2/3 of tongue

Question 9

if a horse presents with its nose deviated to the left, what is most likely damaged?

Answer 9

the facial nerve on the right

Question 10

what are three arteries on the face where you can take pulse points?

Answer 10

transverse facial a.
masseteric a.
facial a.

Question 11

what is the largest salivary gland in the horse?

Answer 11

parotid salivary gland

Question 12

what salivary gland is deep to the parotid salivary gland?

Answer 12

mandibular salivary gland

Question 13

what runs between the parotid and mandibula salivary glands?

Answer 13

maxillary v.
sternocephalicus m.
brachiocephalicus m.
occipitomandibularis m.

Question 14

what is the term for nose bleed?

Answer 14

epitaxis

Question 15

what are conchae?

Answer 15

bony scrolls covered by mucosa

Question 16

what is a meatus?

Answer 16

an air passageway in the nasal cavity, between conchae and the walls of the nasal cavity

Question 17

what are the ethmoidal conchae attached to?

Answer 17

cribiform plate

Question 18

what is the upper blind pouch that is part of the alar fold?

Answer 18

nasal diverticulum

Question 19

what is the complete dental formula for a domestic animal?

Answer 19

I3/3,C1/1,PM4/4,M3/3

Question 20

what are the clinically (major) important paranasal sinuses in the horse?

Answer 20

maxillary and frontal sinuses

Question 21

are the sinuses in young horses fully developed?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

in the young horse, the roots of the teeth take up a lot of space in which sinus?

Answer 22

maxillary sinus

Question 23

all natural drainage of the sinuses to the nasal cavity occurs through which sinus?

Answer 23

maxillary sinus

Question 24

where is the nasomaxillary opening?

Answer 24

the middle meatus

Question 25

what is true of exudate in the frontal sinus of the horse?

Answer 25

it passes through the nasomaxillary opening

Question 26

are wolf and canine teeth brachydont or hypsodont?

Answer 26

brachydont

Question 27

what is the space between the incisors and cheek teeth called?

Answer 27

diastema

Question 28

how many deciduous teeth does a young horse have?

Answer 28

24

Question 29

how many permanent teeth does the adult horse have?

Answer 29

40 to 42

Question 30

what age does the body of the tooth grow til?

Answer 30

5 years

Question 31

what slowly pushes the tooth out?

Answer 31

deposition of bone and cement deep in the alveolus

Question 32

what rate does the occlusal surface of the tooth wear?

Answer 32

~2-3 mm/yr

Question 33

is dentin produced throughout the horses life?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

what is the toughest layer of the tooth?

Answer 34

enamel

Question 35

what it the clinical crown?

Answer 35

the part of the crown you can see

Question 36

what is the anatomical crown?

Answer 36

the whole crown

Question 37

what is the invagination of cement and enamel into the dentin on the occlusal surface of the tooth?

Answer 37

infundibulum

Question 38

what is the space within the infundibulum of the tooth called?

Answer 38

the cup

Question 39

is the lower arcade narrower or wider than the upper arcade?

Answer 39

narrower

Question 40

what kind of slope is on the ooclusal surface?

Answer 40

a ventrobuccal slope

Question 41

where are the points formed on the upper cheek teeth?

Answer 41

buccal surface

Question 42

where are the points formed on the lower cheek teeth?

Answer 42

lingual surface

Question 43

where are the hooks on the upper cheek teeth?

Answer 43

the rostral end (PM2)

Question 44

where are the hooks on the lower cheek teeth?

Answer 44

the caudal end (M3)