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Gross Anatomy 2 > lecture 4 > Flashcards

lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the major sensory nerve to the face? that also has motor muscles for mastication.

A

trigeminal nerve (CNX)

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2
Q

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

V1 - opthalmic
V2- maxillary
V3 - mandibular

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3
Q

what does the maxillary nerve emerge superficially as?

A

infraorbital n.

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4
Q

what does the mandibular nerve emerge superficially as?

A

mental n.

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5
Q

what nerves of the face are sometimes blocked for local anesthesia?

A

infraorbital n. and mental n.

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6
Q

what are the motor functions of the facial nerve?

A

caudal belly of the digastricus and muscles of facial expression

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7
Q

what are the autonomic functions of the facial nerve?

A

lacrimal, mandibular and sublingual salivary glands

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8
Q

what are the sensory functions of the facial nerve?

A

concave surface of ear and rostral 2/3 of tongue

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9
Q

if a horse presents with its nose deviated to the left, what is most likely damaged?

A

the facial nerve on the right

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10
Q

what are three arteries on the face where you can take pulse points?

A

transverse facial a.
masseteric a.
facial a.

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11
Q

what is the largest salivary gland in the horse?

A

parotid salivary gland

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12
Q

what salivary gland is deep to the parotid salivary gland?

A

mandibular salivary gland

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13
Q

what runs between the parotid and mandibula salivary glands?

A

maxillary v.
sternocephalicus m.
brachiocephalicus m.
occipitomandibularis m.

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14
Q

what is the term for nose bleed?

A

epitaxis

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15
Q

what are conchae?

A

bony scrolls covered by mucosa

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16
Q

what is a meatus?

A

an air passageway in the nasal cavity, between conchae and the walls of the nasal cavity

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17
Q

what are the ethmoidal conchae attached to?

A

cribiform plate

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18
Q

what is the upper blind pouch that is part of the alar fold?

A

nasal diverticulum

19
Q

what is the complete dental formula for a domestic animal?

A

I3/3,C1/1,PM4/4,M3/3

20
Q

what are the clinically (major) important paranasal sinuses in the horse?

A

maxillary and frontal sinuses

21
Q

are the sinuses in young horses fully developed?

A

no

22
Q

in the young horse, the roots of the teeth take up a lot of space in which sinus?

A

maxillary sinus

23
Q

all natural drainage of the sinuses to the nasal cavity occurs through which sinus?

A

maxillary sinus

24
Q

where is the nasomaxillary opening?

A

the middle meatus

25
Q

what is true of exudate in the frontal sinus of the horse?

A

it passes through the nasomaxillary opening

26
Q

are wolf and canine teeth brachydont or hypsodont?

A

brachydont

27
Q

what is the space between the incisors and cheek teeth called?

A

diastema

28
Q

how many deciduous teeth does a young horse have?

A

24

29
Q

how many permanent teeth does the adult horse have?

A

40 to 42

30
Q

what age does the body of the tooth grow til?

A

5 years

31
Q

what slowly pushes the tooth out?

A

deposition of bone and cement deep in the alveolus

32
Q

what rate does the occlusal surface of the tooth wear?

A

~2-3 mm/yr

33
Q

is dentin produced throughout the horses life?

A

yes

34
Q

what is the toughest layer of the tooth?

A

enamel

35
Q

what it the clinical crown?

A

the part of the crown you can see

36
Q

what is the anatomical crown?

A

the whole crown

37
Q

what is the invagination of cement and enamel into the dentin on the occlusal surface of the tooth?

A

infundibulum

38
Q

what is the space within the infundibulum of the tooth called?

A

the cup

39
Q

is the lower arcade narrower or wider than the upper arcade?

A

narrower

40
Q

what kind of slope is on the ooclusal surface?

A

a ventrobuccal slope

41
Q

where are the points formed on the upper cheek teeth?

A

buccal surface

42
Q

where are the points formed on the lower cheek teeth?

A

lingual surface

43
Q

where are the hooks on the upper cheek teeth?

A

the rostral end (PM2)

44
Q

where are the hooks on the lower cheek teeth?

A

the caudal end (M3)

Gross Anatomy 2 (11 decks)

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