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Removal exam reviewer in genetics > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Wilhelm Johannsen 1909 pointed out that phenotype which referred to the appearance of an organism, it’s?

A

MORPHOLOGY
PHYSIOLOGY
BEHAVIOR

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2
Q

Is the genetic constitution that an individual inherits.

A

GENOTYPE

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3
Q

The main factors that contribute to the differences of each individual are the?

A

ENVIRONMENT AND GENETIC MAKE UP of the animal.

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4
Q

Refers to certain patterns of how traits are passed from parents to offspring

A

Mendelian inheritance

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5
Q

Mendel proposed three laws .
Laws of Inheritance:

A
  1. Law of Dominance
  2. The Law of Segregation
  3. Law of independent assortment
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6
Q

In heterozygous condition, the dominant allele gets express. F1 generation express dominant allele

A

Law of Dominance

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7
Q

Two alleles do not mix when they come together in hybrid pair & are independent of each other

A

Law of Segregation

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8
Q

During gamete formation, two genes segregate independently of each other as well as of the other trait

A

Law of Independent Assortment

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9
Q

The characters that appear in F1 generation called?

A

DOMINANT

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10
Q

Characters appear in the F2 generation called

A

RECESSIVE

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11
Q

A relationship between alleles of a gene, in which one allele masks the expression of another allele at the same locus

A

DOMINANT

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12
Q

able to be covered up by a dominant trait

A

RECESSIVE

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13
Q

A branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation of organisms

A

GENETICS

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14
Q

carry the hereditary information
Arrangement of nucleotides in DNA

A

CHROMOSOMES

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15
Q

Chromosomes occurs in pairs

A

Homologous chromosomes

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16
Q

New combinations of genes occur in sexual reproduction
Fertilization from two parents

A

Homologous chromosomes

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17
Q

A unit of heredity, a section of DNA sequence encoding a single protein

A

Gene

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18
Q

Entire set of genes

A

Genome

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19
Q

Two genes that occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes and that cover thesame trait.

A

ALLELES

20
Q

A fixed location on a strand of DNA

A

LOCUS

21
Q

having identical genes for particular characteristic

A

Homozygous

22
Q

Having two different genes for a particular characteristic

A

Heterozygous

23
Q

the allele of a gene that masks or suppresses the expression of an alternate allele, the trait appears in the heterozygous condition

A

Dominant

24
Q

An allele that is masked by a dominant allele , does not appear in heterozygous

A

Recessive

25
Q

Genetic makeup of an organism

A

Genotype

26
Q

Physical appearance of an organism

A

Phenotype

27
Q

A genetic cross involving a single pair of genes.

A

Monohybrid cross

28
Q

P =?

A

Parental generation

29
Q

First filial generation

A

F1

30
Q

When the plants self- pollinate, all their offspring are out the same variety.

A

True breeding

31
Q

Mating, or crossing of two varieties

A

HYBRIDIZATION

32
Q

A cross between two parents that breed true

A

Monohybrid cross

33
Q

True breeding parents

A

P generation

34
Q

Hybrid offspring of the P generation.

A

F1 generation

35
Q

Offspring from the self- fertilisation of the F1 hybrids.

A

F2 generation

36
Q

One gene overshadows the other

A

Dominant genes

37
Q

The gene that overshadowed by a dominant gene

A

Recessive gene

38
Q

3 basic genotypes for a particular character:

A

AA=homozygous dominant
Aa=heterozygous
aa=homozygous recessive

39
Q

Example of phenotype

A

Size
Shape
Color

40
Q

Parents differ by a single trait.

A

Monohybrid cross

41
Q

Mendel’s principles* for many years, managers of agricultural systems have manipulated the genetic make -up of animals to:

A

A. Improve productivity
B. Increased efficiency
C. Increased adaptability

42
Q

Heterozygous are phenotypically identical to homozygous dominant

A

Complete dominance

43
Q

Is used to denote the dominant form

A

Capital letter

44
Q

Is used to denote recessive form

A

Small letter

45
Q

Is a rare genetic disease . Affecting Jewish people of Eastern European ancestry

A

Gaucher disease

46
Q

Environmental factors

A

Module pls

47
Q

Traits that results from additive gene effects:

A

Module

Removal exam reviewer in genetics (5 decks)

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