Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Vitreoretinal tufts - 3 types and their main differences

A

Non cystic- 50% bilateral, small, adhered well, at base. Most common, found in 72%

Cystic- composed of degenerating retina, may cause traction, varying sizes, unilateral

Zonular- Extends towards zonules. 15%.

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2
Q

Meridional fold. How many people have? Unilateral or bilateral?

A

40% of pop

55% bilateral

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3
Q

Meridional fold is associated with

A

atrophic hole, oral pearl, cystic tuft

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4
Q

Common location of meridional fold

A

SN

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5
Q

Degenerative retinoschisis is considered an advanced form of

A

Cystoid degeneration.

Microcystoid degeneration –> macro cyst –> degenerative retinoschisis

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6
Q

Stats of degenerative retinoschisis

  • Unilat or bilat?
  • location in retina
  • 10% progress to __
A

Bilat
Rare
70% IT
RD

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7
Q

2 types of degenerative retinoschisis

A

Flat/Typical

  • Splitting at OPL
  • bilateral in 64%
  • Rarely associated with breaks

Bollous/Reticular

  • Splitting of layers anterior to OPL
  • Thin, transparent ballooning with sclerotic vessels.
  • Associated with heme, neo, RD (1/3)
  • More common than typical
  • Bilateral in 15%
  • Increased incidence of inner and outer layer breaks, often at the posterior boarder of the schsis.
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8
Q

Lattice appearance

A
85% RPE hyperplasia 
80% sparkly, yellow specs 
Fishbone vessels
Chorioretinal atrophy in the lesion 
May have flap tear at boarder
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9
Q

Lattice degeneration

  • What is it
  • percent of people with it
  • Common locations and in who
A

Strong attachment of the vitreous to retina next to thin retina. Low risk of detachment, especially if pt has already had PVD.
8-11% of pop
12 and 6 o clock
Common in myopes

Differential- paving stone, retinal dialysis

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10
Q

Snail tracks

A

Variant of lattice

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11
Q

Atrophic hole makes up __% of retinal breaks

What about opercolated holes ?

A

Atrophic: 76%

Operculated 13%

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12
Q

Atrophic hole is usually associated with (4)

A

Lattice / myopes
Meridional fold
Cystic retinal tuft
Zonular traction tuft.

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13
Q

% of opercolated holes associated with PVD

A

80%

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14
Q

Commotio retinae is called __ When in the posterior pole

A

Berlins Edema

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15
Q

Which has a beaten metal appearance?

A

Flat retinoschisis

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16
Q

Difference between retinoschisis and retinal detachment

A

Retinoschisis- When looking with B scan, does not undulate with movements.
No pigment demarcation line (if so, indicates detachment)
Choroidal details usually visible

17
Q

Retinoschisis without breaks. RTC when?
Retinoschisis with inner OR outer layer break?
Retinoschisis with Inner AND outer layer break?

A

6-12 months. Less than 1% of causing RD.
2x per year
2x per year
Refer

18
Q

Does lattice cause a high risk of detachment?

A

Not really, 0.5% chance of detachment. Similar to retinoschisis.

19
Q

30% of all detachments are associated with ___

A

Lattice, with horeshoe tear being the greatest risk.

20
Q

Examine parents and siblings if pt has

A

Lattice

21
Q

Size of atrophic retinal hole

A

Less than 0.5DD

22
Q

76% of all retinal breaks are

A

Atrophic holes

23
Q

__% of people with atrophic retinal holes have sub clinical detachment

A

80%

24
Q

Operculated retinal holes are most commonly associated with

A

PVD or lattice.

25
Q

Tx if you see an operculated hole and it’s old vs if new/symptomatic

A

old- annual
new- 6 week
sub clinic detachment- refer

26
Q

Commotio Retinae RTC

A

2 weeks, should resolve