Lecture 3a - Lactation and milk production

Question 1

What is milk?

Answer 1

Secretion of the mammary gland

Question 2

What is milk usually associated with?

Answer 2

The birth of offspring

Question 3

What is milk controlled by?

Answer 3

Endocrine control

Question 4

Factors which affect milk production?

Answer 4

Genetic potential
Nutrition and feeding
Management practices

Question 5

Lactation is..

Answer 5

Highly physically demanding

Question 6

More energy is required to support lactation than to support?

Answer 6

Gestation

Question 7

Animals draw on what kinds of energy during lactation?

Answer 7

Dietary energy and energy stored in body tissues

Question 8

Insufficient dietary energy intake + lactation =

Answer 8

Body tissue catabolism and body weight loss

Question 9

Excess dietary energy intake + lactation =

Answer 9

Body tissue anabolism and body weight gain

Question 10

How many bacterial cells can come from a healthy udder?

Answer 10

<100 to 10000 bacterial cells per ml of milk

Question 11

How many bacterial cells can come from an infected udder?

Answer 11

<500 to millions of bacterial cells per ml of milk

Question 12

What are some pathogenic bacteria?

Answer 12

Brucellosis

Tuberculosis

Question 13

What is the test for bacterial cells?

Answer 13

Bactoscan, heat treatment of milk

Question 14

Where can somatic cells come from?

Answer 14

Immune cell systems

Sloughed udder cells

Question 15

Test for somatic cells?

Answer 15

Somatic cell count

Question 16

What drug residues can be left behind in milk?

Answer 16

Vetinary medicines such as antibiotics

Question 17

What are the three different types of milk production?

Answer 17

Milk as a primary product
Milk and meat produced from dual purpose animals
Milk as a secondary product

Question 18

When does keeping of poultry date back to?

Answer 18

Egyptian, Roman and Ancient Chinese times

Question 19

How many weeks laying are in modern UK production systems?

Answer 19

55 weeks laying

Question 20

What are the 5 common systems of egg production?

Answer 20

Caged
Barn
Free range
Organic
'Back yard' hen keeping