Lecture 3.2: Psychological Interventions Flashcards
Types of Psychotherapeutic Approaches (6)
• Psychodynamic Therapy
• Cognitive Analytic Therapy
• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
• Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
• Dialectical Behaviour Therapy
• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
What makes a good Therapist? (8)
• Has a sophisticated set of interpersonal skills
• Builds trust, understanding and belief from the client.
• Has an acceptable and adaptive explanation of the client’s condition
• Has a treatment plan and allows it to be flexible
• Monitors patient progress
• Is reflective
• Relies on best research evidence
• Continually improves through professional development
What factors in therapy that are argued to be necessary and sufficient for change? (5)
1) An ‘emotionally charged’ therapeutic bond
2) A setting in which ‘confiding healing’ occurs
3) Provision of an explanation of emotional distress that is ‘psychologically
derived’ and ‘culturally embedded’
4) An explanation that is adaptive – it provides ‘viable and believable’ options for
overcoming difficulties which are acceptable to the patient
5) Includes a ‘set of procedures or rituals that leads the patient to enact
something that is positive, helpful and adaptive’
What is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)?
• Talking therapy
• Can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and
behave
• Deals with your thoughts and how they affect your behaviour
What are the 3 Levels of Thought?
• Conscious Thoughts
• Automatic Thoughts
• Schemas
What are Conscious Thoughts?
Rational thoughts and choices that are made with full awareness
What are Automatic Thoughts?
Thoughts that flow rapidly so that you may not be fully aware of them and therefore unable to check them for accuracy, they may not be logical or based in reality
What are Schemas?
Core beliefs and personal rules for processing information, schemas are shaped by life experiences
Who is CBT suitable for? (4)
People who:
• Want to be active participants
• Can engage collaboratively (diaries, homework)
• Can accept a model emphasising thoughts and feelings
• Those able to articulate problems, and seek practical solutions
What are some disorders that CBT can be used to manage? (8)
• Addiction
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Bipolar Disorder
• Low Self-Esteem
• Phobia
• Schizophrenia
• Suicidal Ideation
What is Mindfulness?
It is the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment and non-judgementally to things as they are
What is Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)?
• Combines CBT and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
• Encourages patients to have awareness to thoughts/feelings NOT to change
them
• Behavioural aspect supports patients in mindfully completing activities for their
wellbeing
What are some disorders that MBCT can be used to manage? (10)
• Depressive Disorders
• Anxiety Disorders
• Chronic Pain
• Long-Term Illness Patients
• Insomnia
• Bipolar Disorder
• Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
• Stress
• Cravings
• Low-Level Addictions
What is Client-Centered Counselling?
• ‘Typical’ talking therapy
• Encourage positive thinking, recognise strengths
What are some Core Features of Client-Centered Counselling? (6)
• Unconditional positive regard, acceptance
• Non-judgemental safe space
• Needs of patient are primary
• Exploring problems and solutions
• Improving overall psychological wellbeing
• Short-term – 6-16 sessions
