Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MEP 1 Anatomy - Fall 2023 > Lecture 3- Tissues & Integument > Flashcards

Lecture 3- Tissues & Integument Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of tissues

A
  1. Epithelial (covering)
  2. Muscle tissue (movement)
  3. Nervous tissue (control)
  4. Connective Tissue (support)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelial tissue (simple)

A

Linear (2D-ish)

Top = apical surface
Bottom = basal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epithelial (stratified)

A

Multiple layers (3D-ish)

Top - apical surface
Bottom - basal surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Squamous, (epithelial tissue)

A

2D-ish (flat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cuboidal (epithelial tissue)

A

Hexagon/cube shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Columnar (epithelial tissue)

A

Column shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epithelial tissues vascular

A

True (means it carries/receives blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Layers of epithelial tissue

A

Apical surface
Lateral
Basal surface
Basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Connective tissue purpose

A

Binding and support (holds organs together)
Protection against infection - blood is a connective tissue
Tissue repair
Insulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ECM - extra-cellular matrix

A

Ground substance + fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Connective tissue types

A
  1. Connective tissue proper
  2. Cartilage
  3. Bone
  4. Blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Simple cuboidal

A

2D-ish shaped and cube/hexagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Multiple layers of flat hexagons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Simple columnar

A

Single layer of columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Connective tissue proper (1/4 types connective tissue)

A

Loose connective tissue: areolar, reticular, adipose
Dense connective tissue: regular, irregular, elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cartilage (1/4 types of connective tissue)

A

Chondrocytes - chondro = cartilage, cytes = cell
Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bone (1/4 types of connective tissue)

A

Osteocytes -> calcified GS ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Blood (114 types of connective tissue)

A

RBC - erythrocytes, fluid ground substancr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How big is adults skin surface

A

Size of queen sheet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Blue (cyanotic)

A

Hypoxemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Yellow - jaundiced, ictric

A

Liver dysfunction, billruben

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Red (erythema)

A

Heat, infection, inflammation, allergic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

White (pallor)

A

Shoot, anemia, peripheral vasoconstriction (vessels outside of heart)
Observe mucus membrane (lips meet gum) in darker skinned people

24
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin+ accessory organs

25
Q

2 layers of skin

A
  1. Epidermis (superficial)
  2. Dermis - hair follicles, glands, sensory receptors, blood vessels

Dermis is on top of hypodermis - hypodermis is the subcutaneous fat layer

26
Q

Epidermis has 5 layers

A

I. Stratum corneum (toughest)
2. Stratum lucidum (clear)
3. Stratum granulosm (granular)
4. Stratus spinosum (spiny)
4. Stratus basale - germinativum

27
Q

Stratum corneum (hardest)

A

25-30 layers of dead cells

28
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Only present in thick skin - palms & heel/feet

29
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

3-5 layers of cells, transition zone (living-dead), keratohyalin, lamellar granules

30
Q

Keratohylin

A

Granules insoluble in water, found in cytoplasm, promote dehydration of cell

31
Q

Desmosomes

A

Intracellular junctions that provide strong adhesion between cells

32
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

8-10 layers
Keratin intermediate filaments
Calls joined by drsmosomes

33
Q

Lamellar granules

A

Contain lipids & hydrolytic enzymes to maintain barrier functions of skin

34
Q

Keratin intermediate filaments

A

Contribute to cell-type specific functions
Ex. Adhesion, migration, metabolism

35
Q

Stratum basale (germinatium)

A

Dividing layer - from where all other layers be are derived

36
Q

Notes about epidermis

A

Lacks blood vessels, nutrients via diffusion
Balance between cell production and cell loss (apoptosis, sloughing)
Whole process is 4-6 weeks or 7-10 days in psoriasis

37
Q

4 cell types in epidermis

A
  1. Keratinocytes
  2. Melanocytes
  3. Langerhans cell
  4. Merkel cell
38
Q

Labelling epidermis cells

A

In good notes

39
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Predominant cell (90%)
Produces keratin, protein to protect from heat, abrasion, microbes, chemicals

40
Q

Melanocyte

A

8% cells
Product melanin
In stratum basale

41
Q

Langerhan’s cell

A

In stratum spinosum
Phagocytosis (eats/engulphs foreign substances)
Intraepidermal macrophage (immune defence)

42
Q

Labelling skin layers

A

Good notes

43
Q

Epidermal ridges

A

Fingerprints, increases SA of epidermis (increase grip)

44
Q

Melanin (protection from sun)

A

Yellow/red/brown-black pigment
We all have same amount of melanocytes but different amounts of melanin
Protects germinal layer from UV rays - increased UV = increased melanin synthesis (tanning)

45
Q

Skin tone (expression of 3 pigments)

A

Melanin (mainly) yellow-red, brown-black
Carotene (vitamin A) yellow-orange
Hemoglobin is red

46
Q

Albinism

A

No melanin produced

47
Q

Freckles/moles

A

Aggregation of melanin/melanocytes

48
Q

Vitiligo

A

Loss of pigment in patches (autoimmune)

49
Q

Melanoma

A

Cancerous mole (nevus)

50
Q

ABCDES Of melignant melanoma

A

Asymmetrical, borders uneven, colours (2 or more), diameter larger than 6mm, evolving

51
Q

Dermis

A

Deeper & thicker than endodermis
Binds epidermis to underlying tissues
Where hair follicles and others are located
Divided into papillary (top) and reticular regions (bottom)
Contains collagen and elastic fibres as support for skin (secreted by fibroblasts)

52
Q

4 skin elands

A
  1. Sebaceous (oils)
  2. Apocrine (sweat)
  3. Eccrine (secrete sweat)
    Ceruminous (waxy)
53
Q

Labelling 4 sweat glands

A

Be able to know which is which in a picture

54
Q

6 functions of skin

A
  1. Thermoregulation
  2. Blood reservoir
  3. Protection from environment
  4. Cutaneous sensations (pain, itch)
  5. Excretions and absorptions (minor)
  6. Synthesis of vitamin d
55
Q

Metabolism

A

Add to this

56
Q

Wound healing

A

Add to this

MEP 1 Anatomy - Fall 2023 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions