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BIOL 327 > Lecture 3 - Thorax, Abdomen, Wings, Legs > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Thorax, Abdomen, Wings, Legs Flashcards

1
Q

The combination of mesothorax and metthorax is known as

A

pterothorax

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2
Q

Function of the thorax

A

Locomotion

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3
Q

The first pair of the leg is attached to the

A

prothorax (foreleg)

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4
Q

The second pair of the leg is attached to the

A

mesothorax (middle leg)

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5
Q

The third pair of the leg attached is known as the

A

metathorax (hind legs)

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6
Q

The first pair of wings are attached to the

A

mesothorax

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7
Q

The second pair of wings are attached to the

A

metathorax

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8
Q

Pronotum

A

The prothorax is covered by the pronotum (shield) that protects the wing and neck of the insect

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9
Q

Each region of the thorax is comprised of 3 parts:

A

Notum (Top)
Pleuron (Side)
Sternum (Bottom)

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10
Q

The mesothorax is divided into

(2)

A

alinotum and the postnotum

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11
Q

The alinotum bears the face and is divided into

(3)

A

3 segments: Prescutum, Scutum, Scutellum

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12
Q

Function of the pleural suture

A

It is used to form a point of articulation w/ the coxal cavity and divides the pleuron into episterum (Anterior) and epimeron (posterior)

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13
Q

Components of the insect legs

(5)

A

a. Coxa

b. Trochanter

c. Femur

d. Tibia

e. Tarsus

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14
Q

Coxa

A

Proximal segment that is attached to the body of the insect

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15
Q

Trochanter

A

Provides wide range of movement in the insect)

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16
Q

Femur

A

provides power and muscle

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17
Q

Tibia

A

Use as a kicking device in an insect

18
Q

Insect leg: Swimming

2

A

Aquatic Hemiptera and Coleoptera

19
Q

Insect Leg: Jumping

(3)

A

Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Fleas

20
Q

Insect Leg: Grasping Prey

(2)

A

Praying mantids, giant water bug

21
Q

Insect Leg: Grasping host (2)

A

Lice, other ectoparasites

22
Q

Insect Leg: Digging (2)

A

Scarab beetles, some crickets

23
Q

Insect Leg: Sound Production (1)

A

Grasshoppers

24
Q

Insect Leg: Cleaning and carrying pollen (1)

A

Honeybee

25
Q

Insect Leg: Defence

A

Some leaf insect

26
Q

Insect Wings

A

Adult pterygote insects consists of 2 pairs of wings

27
Q

Exception of Insect Wings (2)

A

However there is an exception for insects that consists of ONLY 1 pair of wing (Diptera - house flies)

The pair of wings are attached to the mesothorax used for protection and camouflage and the hind wings are modified to be known as halteres

28
Q

Characterization of an insect wing: Orthoptera

A

Orthoptera consists of tegmina (which are leathery and hard)

29
Q

Characterization of an insect wing: Coleoptera

A

Coleoptera consists of elytra (which are hard and sclerotized) used to protect the membranous hind wings

30
Q

Characterization of an insect wing: Hempitera

A

Hemiptera consists of forewings known as hemelytra (these are partial sclerotized wings and partial membraneous)

31
Q

Insect Abdomen (2)

A

The abdomen consists of the dorsal surface known as the tergum and the ventral (lower sclerite) known as the sternum

There are 11 abdominal segments whereas there are only 6-7 segments in the abdomen of the flies and beetles

32
Q

Component of the Insect Abdomen (1-7) segment

A

There are usually 1-7 similar segments known as pregenital

33
Q

Component of the Insect Abdomen (8-9)

A

Segment 8-9 bear the external genitalia (eg. Ovipositor found in female to lay eggs)

34
Q

Component of the Insect Abdomen (10)

A

Is usually present

35
Q

Compoent of the insect Abdomen (segment 11)

A

Segment 11 is usually reduced to the epiproct and paraproct (sclerites surrounds the anal pore), consisting of a sensory appendages known as the cerci

36
Q

Component of the Insect Abdomen (Anus)

A

Anus is present at the end of the insect that is surrounded by the 2 paraproct and 1 dorsal plate known as the epiproct

37
Q

Cercus

A

sensory touch and structures located near the anterior margin of the paraproct

38
Q

Female Abdomen (2)

A

The female abdomen consists of the ovipositor

The ovipositor consists of 4 valvifers and 6 valvulae

39
Q

Male Abdomen

A

The male abdomen consists of the aedeagus (penis)

40
Q

Other Abdominal Appendages

(7) + Description

A

a. Other abdominal appendages include prolegs (pseudopods) in lepidopteran larvae

b. Gills in the aquatic larvae

c. Claspers

d. Styli

e. Cerci (earwigs, cockroaches)

f. Pseudo legs (caterpillars)

g. Cornicles (Aphids) Secreting Pheromones

BIOL 327 (13 decks)

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