Lecture 3 : The Napoleonic Era

Question 1

Bonaparte illustrate himself during the Siege of Toulon

Answer 1

December 1793

Question 2

What were the features of the executive authority under the consulate

Answer 2

• Three consuls (a primus inter pares
• prefects
• mayors

Question 3

Legislative powers under the consulate

Answer 3

• council of state
• «tribunate» (discussion - no vote)
• legislative body (no debate - vote)
  senate

Question 4

ministre de l’intérieur de Napoléon

Answer 4

Joseph Fouché

Question 5

Napoléon is appointed Consul for life

Answer 5

1802

Question 6

hereditary empire

Answer 6

1804

Question 7

Concordat

Answer 7

1801

Question 8

Features of the Concordat

Answer 8

• catholicism « the religion of the great majority of citizens» in France
• no more claims on ecclesiastical lands sold as «national property»
• revolutionary calendar abandoned

Question 9

Feature of the imperial centralisation

Answer 9

• Band of France ( Franc Germinal)
• land survey
• lycées
• end of the « Tribunate»

Question 10

Which assembly is put at the centre of the system under the consulate

Answer 10

The council of State that takes care of finance, interior affairs and war

Question 11

Napoleonic code

Answer 11

1804

Question 12

What principles does the Napoleonic code establish ?

Answer 12

• equality of all people before the law
• freedom of religion
• right of property owners
• equal inheritance of all children (boys and girls)

Question 13

Treaty of Amiens

Answer 13

March 1802, peace for 13 months

Question 14

Disaster on sea at Trafalgar

Answer 14

October 1805

Question 15

Triumph on land Ulm and Austerlitz

Answer 15

1805

Question 16

Creation of the confederation of the Rhine

Answer 16

July 1806

Question 17

Treaties of Tilsitt

Answer 17

1807

Question 18

Features of Treaties of Tilsitt

Answer 18

end of 4th coalition
Prussia loses territories
Russia accepts the territorial settlements in western Europe as definitive

Question 19

Napoleon takes Marie-Louise of Austria as wife

Answer 19

April 1810

Question 20

New ways and means to wage war

Answer 20

• artillery
• Citizen soldiers and levée en masse
• logistics
• quick moves
• intense loyalty from soldiers

Question 21

Beginning of war in Spanish-Portuguese Peninsula

Answer 21

1807 until 1813

Question 22

Beginning of the Russian campaign

Answer 22

1812

Question 23

Napoleon’s abdication and Louis 18

Answer 23

April 1814

Question 24

Treaty of Fontainebleau

Answer 24

April 1814

Question 25

The 100 days

Answer 25

March 1815

Question 26

Waterloo disaster

Answer 26

June 1815

Question 27

From whom did Napoleon claimed legitimacy ?

Answer 27

From the people not only from god contrary to the Bourbons kings

Question 28

Name of the Duke Napoléon had executed to secure his position ?

Answer 28

Duc d’Enghien

Question 29

Why did Napoleon want to have a professional bureaucracy ?

Answer 29

to guarantee the order, justice and the revenue of the Empire

Question 30

What characterised the Napoleonic regime ?

Answer 30

a strong executive, prefects instead of committees in the départements

Question 31

Who appointed the mayors ?

Answer 31

the prefects

Question 32

nickname for the bishops ?

Answer 32

‘prefects in purple “

Question 33

Who established a strong police and commissaires in large towns ?

Answer 33

Fouché

Question 34

When was the Continental system established ?

Answer 34

in 1806

Question 35

What was the Continental System’s goal?

Answer 35

Close European’s ports to Britain who needed to export textile and metal

Question 36

What did the French troops from the Levée en masse see themselves as ?

Answer 36

As liberators and not conquerors at the service of ideal liberty, equality and fraternity