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CATA 339 - fall 2022 > Lecture 3 - Strength in rehabilitation > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Strength in rehabilitation Flashcards

1
Q

Describe anti-gravity movement (GD)

A

Body part is lifted against the force of gravity
Type of resistance training

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2
Q

Describe gravity assisted movement (GA)

A

Movement of body part is assisted or helped by gravity
Less work required by the muscle
Muscle in question is moving perpendicular to the floor in downward motion

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3
Q

Describe gravity eliminated movement (GL)

A

Movement of the body part is neither hindered or assisted by gravity
Muscle in question is parallel to the floor, perpendicular to gravity

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4
Q

Bodies muscles must be able to do 3 things to carry out physical demands of the body in ADL and sport

A

Produce
Sustain
Regulate muscle tension

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5
Q

If one of these components is impaired, the person will have activity limitations, or increased risk of injury (3)

A

Strength
Power
Endurance

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6
Q

Types of contraction - movement stays the same (hold)

A

Isometric contraction

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7
Q

Type of contraction - muscle is shortening (produce the force against something)

A

Concentric contraction

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8
Q

Type of contraction - muscle is lengthening (often against gravity because they are slowing our body down)

A

Eccentric contraction

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9
Q

Term to say you create a force against something

A

Strength

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10
Q

Why isometric exercise? (5)

A
  1. Minimize muscle atrophy when joint movement is not possible
  2. Activate muscles to begin to re-establish neuromuscular control
  3. Develop postural and joint stability
  4. Improve muscular strength when dynamic RT could compromise joint integrity or cause pain
  5. Develop static muscular strength at particular points of ROM (work on the gap where injuries occur)
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11
Q

What is muscle setting?

A

Involve low intensity isometric contractions performed against little or no resistance

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12
Q

What is muscle setting used for?

A

Decrease muscle pain and spasm
Promote relaxation and circulation after injury

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13
Q

When is muscle setting used?

A

In acute stages of healing

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14
Q

What is stabilization exercise?

A

Form of isometric exercise where you use rhythmic stabilizations and alternating isometrics to facilitate sequential muscle activation

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15
Q

What is stabilization exercise used for?

A

Improve postural stability or dynamic stability of a joint

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16
Q

What is multi-angle isometrics?

A

Manual or mechanical resistance is applied at multiple joint positions within available ROM

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17
Q

What is the goal of multi-angle isometrics?

A

Improve strength through ROM

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18
Q

When is multi-angle isometrics used?

A

When dynamic resistance exercise is painful or inadvisable

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19
Q

2 benefits of repetitive isometric contractions

A
  • Decrease muscle cramping
  • Increases effectiveness of isometric goals
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20
Q

T or F: for isometrics, the resistance must be progressively increased to overload the muscle apply and release the tension gradually

A

TRUE

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21
Q

Intensity of muscle contraction - isometrics

A

Sufficient to use 66-100% of a muscles voluntary contraction to improve strength

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22
Q

Isometrics - at 5 sec, 75% of the tension exerted at beginning, and __ by 10 sec

A

50%

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23
Q

Shortening of muscle with contraction
Accelerate body segments or objects

A

Concentric

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24
Q

Lengthening of muscle while controlling against a resistance/force
Decelerates body segments
Shock absorber

A

Eccentric

25
Q

T or F: more injuries occur at concentric motions

A

FALSE
Eccentric motions

26
Q
  • Involves change in muscle length
  • Constant resistance throughout the exercises
  • Speed of movement will change
A

Isotonic activity

27
Q
  • Involves change in muscle length
  • Velocity is controlled and maintained at a specific speed of movement
  • Amount of resistance provided to the muscle varies as the muscle goes through a range
A

Isokinetic activity

28
Q

Characteristics of isokinetic exercises (5)

A

Can train reciprocal muscles
Compressive forces on the joint are LESS with faster velocities than at slow velocities
Patient can still perform exercise even if fatigued
Patient is able to eliminate painful arc
Speeds available in sport is more than in machine

29
Q

Type of resistance exercise is chosen dependent on what? (5)

A
  • Extent of impairments
  • Stage of tissue healing
  • Condition of joints and their tolerance to compression and movement
  • General physical and cognitive abilities of the patient
  • Patient’s goals
30
Q

What happens if you put the patient into combination movement too earl in rehab process?

A

Compensation from muscles around it so not strengthening the muscle targeted

31
Q

Positioning for RT : Weight bearing/CKC

A

Typically weight bearing position
Less shear forces at joint (more compression at the joint)
Generally safer in rehab program

32
Q

Positioning for RT: Non-weight bearing/OKC

A

Typically NWB
More shear force at joint
Can better isolate muscle
High velocity movements (throw, kick, etc.)

33
Q

Distal end of the joint working is fixed on something

A

Closed kinetic chain

34
Q

Distal end of the joint working is free to move in space

A

Open kinetic chain

35
Q

Which of OKC or CKC would you use in early-mid rehab program?

A

OCK to make sure you don’t use other muscles to compensate

36
Q

When to use open kinetic chain? (4)

A
  • When WB is contraindicated
  • Soft tissue pain and swelling or restricted ROM of any segment in the chain, may require OKC exercises at adjacent joints
  • First to develop isolated control and strength of weak musculature
  • Sport/activity requires it
37
Q

When to use closed kinetic chain? (4)

A
  • Promote dynamic stabilization and co-activation
  • Provides greater proprioceptive and kinesthetic feedback
  • Provides more joint stability
  • Sport/activity requires it
38
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - % BW

A

PWB to FWB to FWB + add weight

39
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - base of support

A

Wide to narrow
Bilateral to unilateral
Fixed on support surface to sliding on support surface

40
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - Support surface

A

Stable to unstable/moving
Rigid to soft
Height: ground level to increasing height

41
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - Balance

A

With external support to no external support
Eyes open to eyes closed

42
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - Exclusion of limb movement

A

Small to large ranges (full depth vs 1/4 squat)
Short arc to full arc (if appropriate)

43
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - Plane or direction of movement

A

Uniplanar to multiplanar (ex: lunge to curtsey lunge)
Anterior to posterior to diagonal

44
Q

Parameters and progression of CKC exercises - Speed of movement or directional change

A

Slow to fast

45
Q

Rapid gains in strength are seen in a debilitated or deconditioned muscle during the first __

A

3-5 weeks

46
Q

Choosing our sets and reps - Strength of injured part should be within ___ of strength of uninjured counterpart

A

10%

47
Q

Recommendations for early rehabilitation (sets and reps)

A

6-15 reps for 2 sets
Continue until able to perform 3 sets of 20-25 reps

48
Q

Common guideline for increasing weight

A

Increase weight 5-10% when all prescribed repetitions and sets can be completed easily without significant fatigue (5-10 for UE, 10-20 for LE)

49
Q

Training goal : strength
What is goal rep & sets?

A

Less than 6 reps for 2-6 sets

50
Q

Training goal : power, single effort or multiple effort
What is goal rep & sets?

A

Single effort 1-2 reps for 3-5 sets
Multiple effort 3-5 reps for 3-5 sets

51
Q

Training goal : hypertrophy
What is goal rep & sets?

A

6-12 reps for 3-6 sets

52
Q

Training goal : muscular endurance
What is goal rep & sets?

A

More than 12 reps for 2-3 sets

53
Q

When you had an ustable surface, your primary goal becomes neuromuscular and not strength (neuromuscular requirements increase – accessory muscles and brain connections for balance will increase when unstable)

A

If you want true strength gains, you need to stay on a stable surface
Can include both stable and unstable in the same training session

54
Q

Contributions of stabilizing muscles increases ___ when the handle changed from stable to unstable during pushing motions in squat

A

~40%

55
Q

Guidelines for progression of strength training (4)

A
  1. Change 1 parameter at a time (FIIT)
  2. Begin with isometrics if required (i.e. high pain level, ROM deficiencies, post-op, activation of muscles)
  3. Begin concentric/eccentric RT as soon as possible
  4. Begin plyometric exercises ONCE the patient has met the appropriate requirements
56
Q

Fundamental movements required before going into plyometrics (4)

A
  1. Stand in proper posture (DL and SL)
  2. Squatting (DL and SL)
  3. Lunging
  4. Step up/down
57
Q

Return to play requirements (2)

A

1/4 SL squats for 3x15 or step down controlled
SL calf raises 3x15

58
Q

What makes up the quick stretch-shortening cycle for plyometrics?

A
  • Eccentric phase
  • Amortization phase
  • Concentric phase

CATA 339 - fall 2022 (14 decks)

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