Lecture 3:Patterns of disease Flashcards
What is demographic transition?
The change in a population size and structure based on fertility and mortality rates
- from high mortality, high birth rates through to decreasing mortality and high birth rates to low mortality and low birth rates
What is a demographic bonus?
An increase in a countries proportion of working aged adult in a population
What is epidemiological transition?
A populations movement from predominantly infectious causes of death to predominantly non-communicable causes
What is the double burden of disease?
It is present when both communicable and non-communicable disease are at relatively similar levels in a population.
What are the 4 phases of demographic transition?
- Age of Pestilence and famine
- Age of receding pandemics
- Age of degenerative man-made disease
4 Age of delayed degenerative disease
There is a 5th proposed stage: Age of health regression
Describe what happens to population size as it moves through the transition?
In the beginning population size is small and very young, as development occurs the population increases with the median ages increasing
- AGEING population
As a population moves through the transition, there is a decrease in communicable diseases, why is this?
There is a decrease bcs there is improved environment and social conditions
improvement on: hygiene, sanitation, nutrition, education
- Improved public health and interventions reduced infectious disease
As a population moves through the transition there is a increase in non-comunicable diseases why is this?
Changing social conditions( e.g motorised transport —-> injury ) and lifestyle factors associated with development and westernisation
What is compressed ageing? What problems are associated with it?
Demographic transition occurs over a short period of time - not enough jobs to accommodate the population - population has different needs
