Lecture 3: Meiosis and Heredity

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another

Question 2

Heritability

Answer 2

The proportion of total variation between individuals in a given population that is due to genetic variation (as opposed to environmental)

Question 3

Principle of segregation (Mendels first law)

Answer 3

Each individual diploid organism possesses two alleles for any particular characteristic and only one is passed to offspring

Question 4

Independent assortment

Answer 4

Alleles segregate independently when gametes are formed

Question 5

Principal of independent assortment comes from

Answer 5

The independent separation of chromosomes in anaphase I of meiosis

Question 6

Assumptions of Chi square goodness of fit test

Answer 6

The sample is random
The population size is sufficiently large to prevent small sample error
The observations are independent of one another

Question 7

Chi square equation

Answer 7

X^2 = (O - E)^2 / E

Question 8

Multiple testing correction

Answer 8

Refers to re-calculating probabilities obtained from a statistical test which was repeated multiple times
-This means the threshold to achieve significance is harder to achieve

Question 9

Conditional probability

Answer 9

Probability of an event (A), given that another (B) has already occured