Lecture 3 ( Lipids ) Flashcards
Main three categories of Lipids
Simple lipids, Compound Lipids and Derived lipids
Monocarboxylic Acids Containing Even number of carbon atoms
Fatty Acids
Simple Lipids are made of
Fatty acid + alcohol (esters)
Compund Lipids are made of
Fatty acids + Alcohol + Other Group ( Simple lipid + other group)
A category of lipids which can be obtained from the hydrolysis of the other two
Derived Lipids
Mention the three types of identifying a carbon in the fatty acids and mention direction of numbering
1) 1 ,2,3,4 From the carboxylic group
2) alpha , beta , gamma , delta , epsilon from the carboxylic group
3) omega 1, omega 2, omega 3 ,…. from the methyl group
classification of the faty acids accordinig to bonds is either …. or ….
Saturated or Unsaturated
Unsaturated fatty acids are ( and mention the subcategories )
Fatty acids which has double bonds.
1. if it has only one then it’s called “Monoenoic (AKA monoethenoid)”
2. if it has more than one then it’s called polyenoic (PUFA)
The two families in the PUFA subcategory is
w3 and w6
The most Important SFA (Saturated Fatty acids) and mention it’s importance
palmatic acid
The most common in human tissues and produces TAG (Triacylglycerols)
Bio Medical Hazards of SFA
As it includes saturated fatty acids, it increases the cholestrol level which results in coronary heart diseases
Importance of Monoenoic Acids
Monoeic acid decreases plasma cholestrol
Importance of W6
Decrease Plasma cholestrol
importance of w3 (4 points)
1) Decrease Cholestrol which prevents Cardiovascular diseases
2) lower the blood pressure
3) lower triacylglycerol levels
4) lower the tendency of thrombosis
Nutritional Classification of F.A. (2 categories )
1) Essential ( not synthesized in body ) (essential in diet)
2) Non - Essential
Synthesized in body and not essential in diet
Examples of each nutirtional fatty acids
1) Essential
alpha lenolenic w3
lenoleic w6
2) Non Essential
any other fatty acids
Simple Lipids are either
1) Neutral Fats (TAGs )
2) Waxes
TAG is made of
3 fatty acids with glycerol