Enzymes

Question 1

Define Enzymes

Answer 1

biological catalysts which accelerates chemical reactios without changing their structure

Question 2

All enzymes are made up of proteins except

Answer 2

Ribozymes

Question 3

Enzymes are divided chemically into

Answer 3

Simple Protein
Conjugated proteins

Question 4

Simple proteins examples

Answer 4

Pepsin, amylaze, lipase

Question 5

Protein part of conjugated proteins

Answer 5

apoenzymes

Question 6

non-protein art of the conjugated proteins

Answer 6

If loosely attached it’s called coenzyme
if fimly attached prothetic group

Question 7

Examples of Coenzymes

Answer 7

NAD+ acts as hydrogen carrier
FAD acts as hydrogen carrier
Coenzyme A responsible for the activation of fatty acids

Question 8

contains niacin

Answer 8

NAD+

Question 9

contains ribofavolin

Answer 9

FAD

Question 10

Examples of prothetic groups

Answer 10

Metals as Cu, Fe , Zn

Question 11

Function of enzyme

Answer 11

Lowering the activation energy

Question 12

Mechanism of enzymes

Answer 12

Enzymes has a special pocket/cleft called the active site. active site is a chain of amino acid that binds with the substrate forming enzyme-substrate complex which then turns into enzyme-product complex then dissociates into enzyme and product

Question 13

Induced hypothesis

Answer 13

When a substrate combines with an enzyme it induces an change in it’s shape
the active site then mould’s into a precise conformation making the chemical environment suitable for the reaction

Question 14

Factors affecting enzyme activity

Answer 14

Concentration of substrate (direct till a certain level)
Concentration of enzyme (direct till a certain level)
Concentration of cofactor ( direct till a certain level )
temprature ( optimum )
Ph (optimum)
concentration of inhibtors (inverse)

Question 15

types of inhibitors

Answer 15

Competition
alosteric modification
feedback modification