Lecture 3 - Intellectual Revolution Flashcards
What is a paradigm shift?
A paradigm shift is a major change in the way people think about or understand something, usually in science or society.
Define intellectual revolution.
It refers to the series of events that led to emergence of modern science.
What is the Ptolemaic Model (200BC)?
- Earth is the center of the solar system.
Who introduced the Ptolemaic Model?
Claudius Ptolemy
What is Heliocentrism?
- The Sun is the center of the solar system.
- Rejected for 100 years after his death.
- Soon accepted because of Kepler, Galileo, and Newton.
What is creationism and fixism?
It says that the variety of species was created by God and has stayed unchanged over time.
What is Darwinism?
He introduced the process of natural selection.
What is Freudian Revolution?
- It is about how Sigmund Freud changed the way we think about the mind.
- It is understanding ourselves and achieving self-awareness.
Define psychoanalysis.
It is a way of exploring and understanding hidden thoughts and feelings within a person’s mind.
Define Ego.
It mediates between desires and reality.
Define Id.
It seeks instant gratification.
Define Superego.
It imposes moral standards.
What is the Copernican Revolution?
It is a major shift in how we understand the universe.
What is the Darwinian Revolution?
It explains how life forms, including humans, evolved through a natural and orderly process.
