Lecture 3: Genetic Variation in Populations Flashcards
What are assumptions made by Hardy-Weinberg rule?
Mating is random
No inbreeding
Allele frequencies remain across generations
What is the coefficient of relationship?
The proportion of alleles shared by two people by having common ancestors
What is the coefficient of inbreeding?
The proportion of loci at which individual is expected to be homozygous
How persistent are dominant lethal deleterious mutations?
A single generation
How persistent are dominant conditions affecting reproductive success deleterious mutations?
One to a few generations
How persistent are X-linked lethal deleterious mutations?
1/3 lost per generation
How persistent are autosomal recessive deleterious mutations?
Several many generations but eventually lost
What are the effects of founder effect?
Reduced variability
Increase prevalence of rare mutation
What is heritability?
How much of the observed variation in a trait is caused by genetics
What should heritability of highly penetrant single gene disorders be?
0 (no variation)
What side effect does azathioprine cause in some people?
Neutropenia
What side effect does fluorouracil cause in some people?
Nervous system toxicity
What side effect does succinylcholine cause in some people?
Prolonged apnea
What side effect does warfarin cause in some people?
Excessive bleeding
What does CYP2D6 do?
Affects metabolism of codeine into morphine
