Lecture 10: Medical Genetics of Cancer

Question 1

Gain of oncogene leads to what?

Answer 1

Growth

Question 2

Loss of tumour suppressor leads to what?

Answer 2

Growth

Question 3

Are mutation in oncogenes dominant or recessive?

Answer 3

Dominant

Question 4

Are mutation in tumour suppressor genes dominant or recessive?

Answer 4

Recessive

Question 5

What is the most common mutated gene in breast cancer?

Answer 5

PIK3CA

Question 6

What % of cancer is sporadic?

Answer 6

75-80%

Question 7

What are sporadic cancers caused by?

Answer 7

Random mutations

Question 8

What are hereditary cancers caused by?

Answer 8

Inheritance of a single mutated gene

Question 9

What type of genes are usually cause of heredity cancers?

Answer 9

Tumour supressor genes

Question 10

What genes are associated with Hereditary Breast-Ovarian Cancer Syndrome?

Answer 10

BRCA1 and BCRA2

Question 11

What gene is associated with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)/Attenuated FAP?

Answer 11

APC

Question 12

What gene is associated with Hereditary Melanoma?

Answer 12

CDKN2A

Question 13

What gene is associated with Hereditary Retinbloastoma?

Answer 13

RB1

Question 14

What is BRCA1 phosphorylated by?

Answer 14

ATM

Question 15

What is the normal role of BCRA1 and 2?

Answer 15

Repair damaged DNA

Question 16

If there is an BRCA mutation inherited, what is the chance of developing cancer by the age of 70?

Answer 16

55%

Question 17

If BRCA mutation is not inherited, what is the chance that you will develop breast cancer by age of 70?

Answer 17

12%