Lecture 3: Evidence in Dental Lit

Question 1

Types of information resources

Answer 1

1. primary
2. secondary
3. peer reviewed

Question 2

primary resource

Answer 2

first disclosure containing sufficient info to enable peers to assess observations, repeat experiment, & evaluate intellectual process

Question 3

secondary resource

Answer 3

usually summarize, reviews and organize

EX: most books, review articles, indexes, internet

Question 4

peer reviewed

Answer 4

journal itself has committee to review the scientific article to approve/decline validity and suggest improvements
-Increases quality

Question 5

trade journals

Answer 5

articles written by staff about trends, news, advertising in the specific trade

Question 6

impact factor (IF)

Answer 6

= # citations a year/ # total articles published in past two years

measure of a particular journal’s impact

Question 7

Steps of conducting a search

Answer 7

1. Defining the question
2. Choosing a resource
3. Keyword searching vs. classification systems
4. Search techniques

Question 8

Step 1: Defining Q

Answer 8

1. Problem or patient
2. Intervention or exposure
3. Comparison
4. Outcome

Question 9

Step 2: Choose resource

Answer 9

books, journals, indexes

Question 10

Step 3: Keyword searching

Answer 10

alternating words/synonyms
not consistent, too ,any results, no knowledge needed,
broad

Question 11

Step 3: Controlled vocal

Answer 11

alternating words/synonyms

little variation known to database, consistent, specific, restrictive, user must know vocabulary

Question 12

Step 4: Research techniques

Answer 12

Boulean operators
truncation
phrase
parentheses
explode
wild card
adjacency

Question 13

Boulean operators

Answer 13

AND, OR, NOT

Question 14

truncation

Answer 14

symbol to retrieve word stems

uses astericks *

Question 15

phrase

Answer 15

in quotations

limits results

Question 16

parentheses

Answer 16

control order of search

in parenthases

Question 17

explode

Answer 17

into w/ in broad subject that are broken down into smaller

Question 18

wildcard

Answer 18

similar to truncation but pick up one or more letters within a word
put a ? if

Question 19

adjacency

Answer 19

specify how many words can separate the terms before they become irrelevant

Question 20

filters

Answer 20

predefined search designed to target specifics

Question 21

two types of quality of evidence

Answer 21

internal & external validity

Question 22

internal validity

Answer 22

degree of truth (stats)

threat = bias, error, & confounding

Question 23

external validity

Answer 23

degree of applicability to broader populations

inference from same sample

Question 24

appraisal

Answer 24

what type of study was it
how was it carried out (internal)
does it apply to my patient (external)