Lecture 3: Diversity of Life - fungi, lichens, algae and angiosperms

Question 1

What are protists?

Answer 1

Eukaryote organism; not animal, plant or fungus

Usually unicellular

Question 2

How to fungi intake nutrients?

Answer 2

Heterotrophs- breaking down organic matter

Question 3

Name a few roles of fungi

Answer 3

Decomposers- breaking down organic matter
Mutualists- mycorrhiza fungi forms association with plant roots and
integrate with them -> fungus absorbing nutrients from soil and
releasing those back to plant
Parasites- zombie ant -> fungus grows into ants head and takes over
its body
-> ringworm
-> honey fungus

Question 4

Define endosymbiosis

Answer 4

One organism lives inside cell of another organism

Question 5

Characteristics of macroalgae and microalgae

Answer 5

Uni or multicellular
Fresh and saltwater
Red algae mostly aquatic
Green algae terrestrial
Brown algae and diatoms evolved from red algae

Question 6

How are macro and microalgae used?

Answer 6

In ice creams, yogurts, sushi, coatings in tablets, biofuels

Question 7

What are lichens?

Answer 7

Unicellular or filamentous green algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments -hyphae- of fungus

Question 8

How do lichens reproduce?

Answer 8

Soredia- algal cell with wrapping of fungal hypha, produce fruiting bodies called soralium

Asexual via soredia and fragmentation
Sexual of fungi via ascospores

Question 9

Name a few nonvascular plants

Answer 9

Bryophytes, moses, liverwarts, hornwarts

Water transport through diffusion and osmosis
Pores on surfaces of leaves: gas exchange in and out of water
Bryophytes must grow in moist environments

Question 10

Name a vascular plant

Answer 10

Ferns grow in tropics and are seedless plants

Question 11

Describe seeds

Answer 11

Embyronic plant enclosed in protective outer covering
Source of energy to fuel initial growth and protective coat
Easy to desperse
Very long lived and variable