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Reproduction Week 1 > Lecture 3: Development of the male reproductive system > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Development of the male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

What do Sertoli cells do?

A
  1. Block gametogenesis
  2. Produce AMH (antimullerian hormone) to suppress development of Mullerian ducts
  3. Induce formation of LEYDIG CELLS to produce testosterone
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2
Q

What does Antimullerian hormone cause?

A

AMH causes paramesonephric ducts to degenerate

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3
Q

What is the tunica albuginea in scrotum?

A

Fascia that surrounds the gonad

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4
Q

What does testosterone do?

A

Induces mesonephric duct to form continuous duct system

Masculinizes INTERNAL male structures

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5
Q

What does DHT do?

A

Masculinizes the EXTERNAL male genitalia

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6
Q

What does mesonephric duct give rise to?

A
  1. Efferent ductules
  2. Ductus epididymis
  3. Ductus deferences
  4. Seminal gland
  5. Ejaculatory duct
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7
Q

What is the rete testis?

A

Anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicles
Carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to efferent ducts

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8
Q

Where is prostate derived? Significance?

A

Endoderm
Because from endoderm, it is developed under DHT (dihydrotestosterone) influences rather than testosterone
This makes sense because DHT influences external genitalia formation which is absolutely endoderm
Bulbourethral gland is also made by DHT

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9
Q

What enzyme converts testosterone to DHT?

A

Alpha reductase

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10
Q

What is alpha reductase?

A

Converts Testosterone to DHT

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11
Q

What is water under the bridge for males?

A

Ureter under ductus deferens

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12
Q

What is the prepuce?

A

Foreskin

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13
Q

What is the raphe of penis?

A

The central lining on the inferior end of penis

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14
Q

What happens to the urogenital folds in external male genitalia?

A

They will FUSE to make shaft of penis…if they don’t fuse, you have a pussy lol

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15
Q

What part of male reproductive system is formed from mesoderm?

A
  1. seminal vesicle
  2. ureter
  3. vas deferens
    Whatever is formed from testosterone
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16
Q

What masculinizes external male genitalia?

A

DHT (dihydrotestosterone)

17
Q

What is the significance of the urogenital diaphragm?

A

The only skeletal muscle that is used to control bladder in both women and men
Voluntary mechanism

18
Q

What is tunica vaginalis?

A

The remnant space from processus vaginalis…space is there to allow your balls to move
Hydroceles develop here

19
Q

How does testes exit abdominal cavity?

A

Follows gubernaculum

Very important because this allows for spermatogenesis at temperature below body temp

20
Q

What is the internal spermatic fascia derived from?

A

Transversalis fascia

21
Q

What is the cremasteric fascia derived from?

A

Internal oblique muscle

22
Q

What is the external spermatic fascia derived from?

A

External oblique muscle

23
Q

What is the significance of the processus vaginalis?

A

Space that allows balls to move up and down without friction

24
Q

When does gametogenesis start in males?

A

During puberty

25
Q

What is glans/body of penis and clit derived from?

A

Genital tubercle

26
Q

What is labia minora/ventral penis derived from?

A

Urogenital folds

27
Q

What is labia majora/scrotum derived from?

A

Labioscrotal swellings

28
Q

What happens when you have no androgen receptors in fetus?

A

You get what looks like a female that should’ve been a male
You see bilateral inguinal hernias in the “female”
Also no menstruation…because the female only has external female structures and NOT internal female structures
XY human with female genitalia!!

29
Q

What is androgen insensitivity syndrome?

A

A condition that results in the partial or complete inability of the cell to respond to androgens
Impairs masculinization of male genitalia
Mutation in androgen receptors

30
Q

What is an adrenal cortex hyperplasia?

A

Excess androgens are produced and clitoris is very enlarged and then the person is intersexed

31
Q

What happens when you have a defect in the alpha reductase enzyme?

A

You get a defect in external genitalia development

Because you need DHT to develop that shit

32
Q

When you see bilateral inguinal hernias in “females” what are you thinking?

A

Androgen insensitivity syndrome
This person is actually XY but because of no androgen receptors, you have no male external reproductive structures
You have male reproductive structures inside but no ability to menstruate

Reproduction Week 1 (13 decks)

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