lecture 3 (controlling crime) Flashcards
What is vigilante justice?
The public taking crime into their own hands unlawfully.
This occurs without local authority to do so.
What are the two broad categories for crime control?
Crime control model and due process model.
These categories shape police, court, and correctional operations.
What does the crime control model focus on?
The offence and getting tough on crime.
It involves harsh responses to criminal behavior.
Define retribution in the context of crime control.
Retribution is based on taking revenge on wrongdoers.
It follows the principles of lex talionis and just deserts.
What is the lex talionis principle?
An eye for an eye.
This is a principle of retribution.
Who were the last two people executed in Canada?
Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin.
They were hanged on December 10, 1962.
What percentage of Canadians favor bringing back capital punishment according to a 2016 survey?
58 percent.
This reflects ongoing support despite the abolition of capital punishment.
What is deterrence in crime control?
The belief that criminal behaviors can be discouraged by punishing offenders.
It includes specific and general deterrence.
What is specific deterrence?
The pain of punishment deters an offender from committing further crimes.
What is general deterrence?
The general population is less likely to violate the law after witnessing an offender’s punishment.
What does incapacitation aim to achieve?
Preventing offenders from committing further crimes by holding them apart from society.
This includes selective incapacitation.
What is restitution in the context of crime control?
Compensating victims for losses experienced due to crime.
It is primarily used for property offenses.
What is the goal of rehabilitation in the justice system?
To reform individual offenders and help them reintegrate into society.
It can take place in the community or correctional facilities.
What is restorative justice?
An approach that focuses on repairing harm between the victim, offender, and community.
It challenges traditional views of crime and justice.
What event does the Humboldt Broncos bus crash refer to?
A collision on April 6, 2018, where a truck driver killed 16 people and injured 13.
The driver, Jaskirat Singh Sidhu, was sentenced to 8 years in prison.
What is penal populism?
A tough on crime approach based on common sense rather than scientific evidence.
It often disregards input from experts.
What is the CSI effect?
The phenomenon where frequent viewers of crime shows have less knowledge of the CJS and greater fear of crime.
It creates unrealistic expectations about scientific evidence in investigations.
True or False: Tough punishments always deter crime.
False.
Evidence suggests that increased incarceration rates do not significantly reduce crime rates.
What is the impact of penal populism on crime control policies?
It can lead to ineffective or harmful laws that are difficult to change once enacted.
What percentage of the Canadian population do Indigenous peoples represent and what percentage of admissions to custody did they comprise in 2017-2018?
5% of the population and 30% of admissions to provincial custody.
They also comprised 29% of federal custody admissions.
What is the Aboriginal Justice Strategy?
A government initiative to look for alternatives to the mainstream justice system for Indigenous peoples.
Fill in the blank: The belief that the best crime control solutions might lie outside the justice system is known as _______.
new ways of looking at justice.
