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Preventative Perio > Lecture 3: Biofilms > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Biofilms Flashcards

1
Q

What area of the tongue best harbors bacteria?

A

Dorsum of the tongue

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2
Q

What percent of bacteria is gram positive on the dorsum of the tongue?

A

70%

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3
Q

What does the yellow color of pus result from? (4 things)

A
  1. Necrotic cells
  2. Neutrophils
  3. Plasma cells
  4. Macrophages
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4
Q

What is the primary cause of gingival disease?

A

Bacterial plaque biofilm

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5
Q

What are secondary causes of gingival disease?

A

Calculus, Poor oral hygiene

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6
Q

What is the principle irritant for gingival disease?

A

Non-mineralized plaque on the surface of the calculus

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7
Q

Ecosystem of bacteria work together in what type of relationship?

A

Symbiotic

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8
Q

Do we still have biofilms when we are healthy?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What bacteria is most implicated in perio health?

A

Gram positive aerobic cocci

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10
Q

What type of bacteria is an “initial colonizer”? What are two examples? Are they aerobic or anaerobic?

A

Gram positive facultative microbes-A. viscosus, S. Sanguis. Aerobic

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11
Q

What three major perio pathogens do we need to know?

A
  1. P gingivalis
  2. T denticola
  3. T forsythia
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12
Q

Name three virulence mechanisms of bacteria?

A
  1. Capsule evades phagocytosis
  2. Suppresses IL-8
  3. Disrupts host response by inactivating immune cells
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13
Q

Do biofilms harden both supra and subgingivally?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What is all calculus coated with?

A

Biofilm

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15
Q

Are biofilm mobile?

A

Yes

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16
Q

What’s the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis regarding the motility of the biofilms?

A

They are more motile in Periodontitis

17
Q

What type of bacteria type is in periodontitis?

A

Bacillis

18
Q

Are bacteria more gram negative or gram positive in periodontitis compared to gingivitis?

A

More gram negative

19
Q

What 3 bacteria are implicated in the “Red Complex” for periodontitis?

A
  1. P gingivalis
  2. T denticola
  3. T forsythia
20
Q

What clinical finding is a “reliable and objective parameter to evaluate inflammation of the tissue near the attachment”?

A

Bleed on palpation

21
Q

Name four factors impacting bleeding on probing

A
  1. Deep pockets
  2. Gingival thickness and width
  3. Smoking
  4. Probe force
22
Q

How many newtons of force is the ideal probe force? What is an equivalent in SIM clinic?

A

0.25 N, or thumbnail blanching pressure

23
Q

As you go from health to gingivitis, what type of bacteria does it become?

A

From aerobic to anaerobic, from gram positive to gram negative.

24
Q

What are three examples of virulence factors in moving from gingivitis to periodontitis?

A
  1. Fimbriae/pilli (for bacterial attachment)
  2. Capsule glycocalyx (acts as a wall)
  3. Endotoxin/LPS layer (starts an immune response)
25
Q

What is bone loss a hallmark of?

A

Periodontitis

Preventative Perio (4 decks)

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