Lecture 1 and 2 Flashcards
How many people have gum disease?
50%
How many Americans have periodontitis?
1/2 of all
Define periodontology
The clinical science that deals with the periodontium in health and disease
What is unique about the oral cavity in regards to what it is lined by?
It is lined by mucous membrane/oral mucosa, like having skin in the mouth
What is the anterior boundary of the oral cavity?
Lips and hard palate
What is the posterior boundary of the oral cavity? (three structures)
Throat, pharynx and part of the soft palate
What is the inferior boundary of the oral cavity?
Floor of mouth
What is the superior boundary of the mouth
Roof of mouth
Where is the masticatory mucus membrane found?
Gingiva and hard palate
What are two special features of the masticatory mucus membrane?
It is keratinized (to be protected from hard foods) and it is firmly attached to the underlying bone
Where is the specialized mucus membrane found?
Dorsum of the tongue (with taste buds-special because it’s the only organ with taste buds)
Where is the lining mucus membrane found?
The rest of the mouth not covered by the masticatory and specialized mucosa
What are three facts about the lining mucus membrane? One deals with the face, another involves attachment, and another is about mobility.
- Gives the opportunity for facial expression
- It is loosely attached to other structures
- It is moveable
What are the four structures comprising the periodontium?
- Gingiva
- Periodontal ligament
- Cementum
- Alveolar bone
What is the main function of the periodontium (there are two points to this function)
- To attach the tooth to the bone tissue of the jaws
2. Maintain Integrity of the surface of the masticatory mucosa of the oral cavity
What are the five signs of a good clinical exam of gingiva?
- Color (roughly pale pink to deep pink in color)
- Contour of the gingiva
- The consistency of the how the gingiva feel
- The surface texture based on how it looks
- Absence of bleeding when palpated
What four factors impact the color of gingiva?
- Intensity of melanogenesis
- Degree of keratinization
- Thickness of epithelium
- Arrangement of gingival vascularity
What is Addison’s disease, and how does it clinically present?
Hypothyroid, leading to brown pigmentation of the gingiva
How is the darkness or lightness of the pink of gingiva impacted by having thicker keratinization?
The thicker the keratinization, the darker the pink
Is epithelium vascular?
No, the underlying tissue is
What are the three parts of the gingiva?
- Gingival margin
- Interdental papilla
- Attached gingiva
Where is the gingiva the narrowest?
The facial aspect of the lower first premolar
Where is the gingiva the widest?
The labial surface of the upper lateral incisor (a zone of keratinized gingivum)
What is the most coronal part of the gingivum?
The gingival margin
