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OHS > Lecture 3 - Accidents > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Accidents Flashcards

1
Q

What is an accident?

A

An unintended happening, mishap.

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2
Q

Most often an ____ is any ___ event that results in personal ____ or in _____ damage

A

Accident
Unplanned
Injury
Property

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3
Q

What is an accident

A

Unexpected, unplanned event in a sequence of events that occurs through a combination of causes

resulting in physical harm, injury or disease, damage to property, mental trauma or a near miss

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4
Q

Conceptual Accident

A

Initial contact between two or more hazards in an unplanned state.

Contact must represent a primary event

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5
Q

What is the 1969 bird triangle?

A

The triangle shows a relationship between the number of accidents resulting in serious injury, minor injuries or no injuries

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6
Q

RRIAA - what does it stand for

A 
Report
Record
Investigate
Analyse
Action
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7
Q

Who would you report an accident to?

RTSII

A 
RIDDOR
Trade Association 
Safety Rep
Internal
Insurance
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8
Q

Why would someone deliberately not report an accident?

A

Fear of punishment
Don’t want to ruin personal reputation/record
Don’t want to ruin department record
Peer group pressure

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9
Q

Where would you record an accident?

A 
Computers
Card index
Social Security record book
Medical treatment book
personnel database
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10
Q

Frequency rate

A

total injuries / total hours worked x 100,000

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11
Q

Incidence rate =

A

total accident / number employees x 1000

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12
Q

Severity rate =

A

Total days lost / total hours worked x 1000

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13
Q

Investigate

5 W’s 1 H?

A 
Why
Who
What
Where
When
How
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14
Q

Why INVESTIGATE?

A 
Legal requirement
Litigation - civil/criminal
Prevent recurrence
Important for statistics
Assign correct Blame
Morale/psychological reasons
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15
Q

Who INVESTIGATES?

A

Safety advisor
Safety rep
Supervisor/Manager
(Only for minor accident)

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16
Q

What are we after when INVESTIGATING?

A

Accurate evidence
Criticism
Legal use

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17
Q

Where do we INVESTIGATE?

A

Scene of accident

Interview?

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18
Q

When do we INVESTIGATE?

A

ASAP!!

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19
Q

How do we obtain the evidence?

(5 P’s)

(Investigate)

A 
Places
People
Positions
Parts
Paper
20
Q

Recording the facts 3 key parts?

A 
Interview witnesses ASAP
Document the accident scene before changes are made. Sketch, Photos, Measurements
Gather support documents such as; 
maintenance records 
reports
production
schedules 
process diagrams
21
Q

How should records be kept

A

All notes and remarks in a bound notebook or three ring binder.

22
Q

What needs to be recorded in an accident? 3 things

A

Pre-accident conditions
Accident sequence
Post accident conditions

23
Q

Document ____ location, were there any _____? Machinery ___ sources and other factors

A

Victim
Witnesses
Energy

24
Q

Interviewing is an excellent source of ____ ___ _____

A

First hand knowledge

25
Q

What are the first three steps to take when INTERVIEWING?

A

1) Get prelim statements ASAP from all witnesses
2) Locate the position of each witness on a master chart
3) Explain the purpose of the investigation - ease witness

26
Q

What are 4 common Interview practices

A

1) Let each witness speak freely with no distractions
2) Use sketches and diagrams to help witness
3) Emphasise areas of direct obbo - label hearsay accordingly
4) Record EXACT words of witness

27
Q

You should always identify the _____ of each ______

A

Qualifications

Witness

28
Q

You should always supply each ____ with a copy of their _____

A

Witness

Statement

29
Q

What is a direct cost of injury

A

Personal injury claim
Fine
Plant damage

30
Q

What is an indirect cost of injury

A

Disruption to business

Damage to reputation

31
Q

Poor Management Safety Policy & Decisions
Personal Factors
Environmental Factors

Are all examples of what?

A

A basic cause

32
Q

Unsafe Act
Unsafe Condition

Are examples of what?

A

Indirect causes

33
Q

Unplanned release of hazardous material

Is an example of what?

A

Direct cause

34
Q

Heinrich’s Theorems Approach to Accident Causation/Prevention was created when?

A

1932 H.W. Heinrich

35
Q

The Domino Theory is also called what?

A

Industrial Accident Causation Model

36
Q

5 stages of the Domino Theory?

A

1) Social Environment and Ancestry
2) Fault of the Person (Carelessness)
3) Unsafe Act or Condition
4) Accident
5) Injury

37
Q

Critical Incident Investigation
First 6 stages?
(12 in total)

A

1) Understand the need.
2) Prepare for the investigation
3) Gather the facts.
4) Analyse the facts.
5) Develop conclusions
6) Analyse conclusions

38
Q

Critical Incident Investigation Last 6 Stages?

12 in total

A

7) Make report
8) Make recommendations
9) Correct the situation
10) Follow through on recommendations
11) Critique the investigation
12) Double check the corrective action

39
Q

Understanding the need 3 questions?

A

What do we want to accomplish?
Do we want to prevent future incidents?
Are there better ways for the job to be done?

40
Q

Why do facts need to be analysed in an accident?

A

Suggest short, intermediate and long term solutions
Provides broader picture of events.
Provide checkpoints in the questioning process.

41
Q

_____ are based on what is ___ and what is not ____

A

Conclusions
Known
Known

42
Q

Reanalyse each conclusion to determine its validity..

What ____ it
What doesn’t _____ it

A

Supports

Supports

43
Q

Report Recommendations.

Provide a ___ _____ of what happened
Place the incident in _______ order

A

brief synopsis

Chronological

44
Q

Critique investigation, why must this be done?

A

To determine what problems arose, why they rose and if the data is stored properly.

45
Q

Actions purpose is to ____ the _____

A

Fix

System

OHS (3 decks)

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