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Behavioral Science > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

4x4 criteria for activity concern in MA

A
  1. individual recieved 1 or more schedule II opiod drugs
    AND
  2. from 4 or more different prescribers
    AND
  3. had them filled at 4 or more pharmacies
  4. DURING the specified period (ON THE RX)
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2
Q

describe the MA prescription monitoring program

A

Mass Prescription Awareness Tool

  • collects info on schedule II-V drugs
  • brings up patient history
  • drugs that have potenital for abuse like narcotics, stimulants, and sedatives

analyzes the trends

each prescriber is given a number

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3
Q

define health behavior change

A

it is an INTRINSICALLY MOTIVATED CHANGE that happens OUTSIDE of the dental office in the EVERYDAY SETTINGS of patients lives

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4
Q

aspects of health behavior change to keep in mind? what do you use?

A

Clinical environment is important in how influential information is received

rationale to change FROM THE PT
- use open ended questions

ability to convey empathy is critical in influencing behavior change

have flexible approaches

be congnizant they may feel badly about their current health situation

dont expect the ‘quick change’

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5
Q

health behavior change must be devoid of?

A

devoid of gender, ethnic, cultural and age bias and be designed to be effective for persons of widely varied levels of formal education

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6
Q

major important summary of behavior modification

A

SLOW AND DELIBERATE PROCESS DEIGNED TO ALTER THE BEHAVIOR OF THE PATIENT

THERE ARE MANY TECHNIQUES WHICH ATTEMPT TO TEACH A PATIENT WHAT BEHAVIOR IS EXPECTED TO IMPROVE UPON THEIR CURRENT CONDITION AND/OR BEHAVIOR

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7
Q

our common default model?

A

Cognitive model

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8
Q

cognitive model defined as?

assumes?

A

defined as one’s ability to ‘know’ and ‘understand’

assumes knowledge—attitude—behavior change

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9
Q

if cognitive model was true then?

A

every patient encounter should result in favorable behavior change which would improve oral health status over time

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10
Q

List the behavior Modification Theories

A

**cognitive model is our common default

  1. Social Cognitive Theory
  2. Theory of reasoned action
  3. health belief model
  4. stages of change theory - multiple stages
  5. contemporary community health model
  6. the bio-psychosocial model of illness
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11
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

an individuals behaviors are motivated by two factors

  1. personal beliefs (cognitive factors)
  2. Social environment (one’s community, friends, and family)

deals with the concept of self-efficacy and

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12
Q

self-efficacy definition and what it is a product of

A

one’s perception of him/herself as being effective

product of PERSONAL BELIEFS which are formed within that person’s SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT

self-efficacy beliefs reflect an internal awareness that one is able to perform a specific attack

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13
Q

describe personal beliefs within the cognitive social model

A

personal beliefs/ cognitive factors

- SELF-EFFICACY - individual performs a particular behavior effectively and with good results

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14
Q

social environment with the cognitive social behavior

A

learning how to perform a specific behavior by watching others and receiving positive support or reinforcement
- typical pediatric patient model

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15
Q

social cognitive model often used in? individual is a product of?

A

used to demonstrate the effectiveness of oral health education

individual is a product of the environment and active in influencing the environment through the choices they make

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16
Q

describe theory of reasoned action

A

focuses only on BELIEFS ABOUT AN INTENDED BEHAVIOR

  • in turn the individuals intentions are determined by their ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS about the behavior
  • so this theory professes that the best predictor of behavior is an individuals intention/ motivation

ATTITUDES ABOUT THE RESULT OF BEHAVIOR INFLUENCE THE INTENTION TO ACTUALLY PERFORMING IT

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17
Q

Examples towards increasing individuals intentions to care for their oral health

A
  1. changing community/ societal norms
    - school screening programs
  2. motivating and supporting friends/ family
    - parent/ child relationship, infleunce of friends
  3. educating and reassuring
    - patient/ hygenist relationship
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18
Q

describe the health belief model

A

this model places stronger emphasis on the DISEASE rather than the behavior as it assumes the individual has working knowledge of the biological manifestations of the disease

19
Q

in the health belief model it considers that an individuals decision to change behavior is determined by

A
  1. perception of threat/ disease to personal health
  2. perceived effectivness of tx to reduce that threat or consequences (cost and benefits or efficacy)
  3. cues to action
    - external or internal stimuli that serve as prompts to engage or disengage in the behavior
20
Q

in the health belief model perception of threat to personal health is?

A

the individuals perception about SEVERITY of disease and the individual SUSCEPTIBILITY to the disease

IF AN INDIVIDUAL DOES NOT BELIEVE THEY WILL GET A DISEASE/ PROBLEM THEY ARE LESS LIKELY TO STOP THAT BEHAVIOR/ IMPROVE

21
Q

in the health belief model perceived cost and benefits is? this model highlights?

A

highlights the importance of an individuals subjective reality

  • based on personal assessment of the costs/ benefits and barriers to performing the suggested behavior
  • if they perceive a lot of diffiuclty to task - may be less likely to change
22
Q

health belief model is often used when?

A

to PREDICT the liklihood of a behavior or behavior change and to assess the need for behavioral interventions to assist in the change process

23
Q

conveying to patients aspects like oral function is better and easier with natural teeth or most people are vulnerable to the development of oral disease are examples from which model

A

health belief model

24
Q

stages of change model aka

A

transtheoretical model of behvioral change (TTM)

  1. pre-contemplation
  2. contemplation
  3. action
  4. maintenance
  5. relapse
25
Q

define pre-contemplation

what model?

A

Stages of Change

- timing during which an individual is NOT actively thinking of changing a particular behavior

26
Q

define contemplation

what model?

A

Stages of Change

  • during this time the individual may think, read, talk to others about changing behavior
  • may become ‘open’ to health education
27
Q

define action

what model?

A

Stages of Change

  • when an individual actually takes stes to change behavior
  • individuals are in partiuclar need for support during this stage
  • support may be more educational or social support from family, friends
28
Q

what state of Stages of Change are people in need of support?

A

Action phase (3rd)

29
Q

maintenance definition

what model?

A

Stages of

  • individual attempts to continue the behavioral change
  • may be useful to identify factors that may tempt a person to re,apse so as to avoid, or learn how to deal with them
30
Q

define relapse

what model?

A

Stages of Change

  • individual is unable to continue to maintain the changed behavior
  • extremely common
31
Q

Contemporary Community health model

A

a cost efficient ‘MACRO’ model

  • public / community health model
  • takes into account social, cultural, economic and environmental factors that influence one’s health
  • broad approaches to health education and promotion at the community level
32
Q

which model is a public / community health model

A

Contemporary Community health model

33
Q

Bio Psycho- Social model of illness

A

very good chair side but difficult to master

if integrate the psycho-social variables of their patients illnesses generally develop more effective clinical interventions

emotional, behavioral and social experiences are implicated in the development and outcome of patient illness

34
Q

three componetns to PRECEDE model

A
  1. Predisposing factors
  2. enabling factors
  3. Reinforcing factors
35
Q

Predisposing factors

A

KNOWLEGE, ATTITUDE, BEHAVIOR, BELIEFS and prior intervention affect the willingness to change

36
Q

Enabling factors

A

structure of environment/ community and the situation that FACILITATES OR PRESENTS OBSTACLES TO CHANGE

37
Q

Reinforcing factors

A

POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE EFFECTS of adopting the behavior that influence the continuation of the behavior

38
Q

the PRECEDE model allows you to?

A

focus on three factors (predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing) and how they effect a patients behavior, attitude, understanding, priority with respect to their problem

39
Q

what do you get in return if use the PRECEDE model?

A

you are able to identify and discuss approaches which allow you to see the problem as it affects them, and within their environment (and vise versa)
- HELP PATIENT SEE PROBLEM IN THEIR ENVIRONEMTN
COmMUNICATION AND EXAMINING FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO BEHAVIOR CHANGE

40
Q

Understanding the relationship between a patient’s medical history and their medication intake, psychological/ emotional status with their social history and seeing the relationship that these components have on each other is what model?

A

Bio-psycho-social

41
Q

NLP programming is what?

based on?

A

Meta programming

- based on personality tests

42
Q

four meta-programs we focus on in dentistry

A
  1. outcome driven or process-oriented
  2. toward pleasure or away from pain
  3. aesthetic or function
  4. big picture or details
43
Q

four generations and their age ranges

A
  1. silent generation (1925-1945)
  2. baby boomers (1946 - 1964)
  3. Generation X (1965 -1980)
  4. Millenials (1981- 2000)
44
Q

DISC programing are

A

personality tests

Behavioral Science (6 decks)

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