Lecture 2

Question 1

cognitive model defines?

assumes?

Answer 1

defined as ones ability to ;know’ or ‘understand’

assumes the following sequence
knowledge– attitude–behavior change

Question 2

if the cognitive model were true?

Answer 2

every patient encounter should result in a favorable behavior change which would improve oral health status over time

Question 3

what should be considered at the population and the individual level?

Answer 3

certain socio-demographic facotrs like 
- age
-gender
-education
race or culture
-occupation
-income

Question 4

behavior is a result of which forces?

Answer 4

both internal and external 
- beliefs
- attitudes
- interests
-priorities
- values
etc

Question 5

bio-psychosocial model of illness describe

based on?

Answer 5

based on the analyses of certain broad spectrum qualitative data sets
- good chair side model but difficult to master

• dentist who integrate the psycho-social variables of their pateints illnesses genrerally develop more effective clinical interventions and outcomes

Question 6

patients satisfaction with doctor visits is based primarily on?

Answer 6

psychosocial dimensions of care

- so if doctors show care towards their needs and understanding them

Question 7

PRECEDE MODEL is a?

breakdown?

Answer 7

model within several other models

1. Predisposing Factors
2. Enabling Factors
3. Reinforcing Factors

Question 8

define predisposing factors

model?

Answer 8

Knowledge, attitudes, behavior, beliefs, and prior intervention affect the willingness to change
- Precede model

Question 9

define enabling factors

model?

Answer 9

structure of the environment / community and the situation that facilitates or presents obstacles to change
- Precede model

Question 10

define reinforcing factors

model?

Answer 10

positive or negative effect of adopting the behavior that influence the continuation of the behavior
- Precede Model

Question 11

biological term

Answer 11

anything to do with the biology, physiology or chemistry of the person or disease status

Question 12

psychological term

Answer 12

anything to do with behavior or psych of the person(s) who are directly or indirectly influenced by the identified problem

Question 13

social term

Answer 13

in the larger context, the environment influencing the person(s) affected by the identified problem

Question 14

three things we look at in the bio-medical and bio-psycho-social model?
- comparing how we look at these models in terms of which categories?

Answer 14

1. Presentation
2. Diagnosis
3. Treatment

Question 15

Presentation in bio-medical vs. bio-psycho-social

Answer 15

Bio-Medical Presentation

• the focus is on the physical causes of the disease
• will ask a few questions about history and recent diet, pain, family history, etc but EMPIRICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS ARE CONSIDERED PARAMOUNT

Bio-Psycho-Social Presentation

• aim to ascertain psycho-social and physical processes that may cause the chief complaint
• MD may ask for history and recent life stressors and behavior

Question 16

Diagnosis in bio-medical vs. bio-psycho-social

Answer 16

Bio Medical Diagnosis
- clinician will order objective lab tests and monitor vital signs (temp, pressure, pulse) that would form the sole basis of any finding

Bio-Psycho-Social Diagnosis
- FORMING a diagnosis through combination of psychological factors and standard lab tests (that will help him/her form the diagnosis)

Question 17

Treatment in bio-medical vs. bio-psycho-social

Answer 17

Bio Medical Treatment
- the Doc will prescribe a ‘MEDICINAL’ plan for the patient based on the biological etiology and pathogenesis

Bio-Psycho-Social Treatment

• MD discusses the available interventions with special attention to BEHAVIORAL AND LIFESTYLES that could influence her pain and adherence to the tx plan
• the Pt. is involved in formulating and implementing the plan, and maintains a positive supportive relationship with the MD

Question 18

each biological variable has?

Answer 18

A psychological and social component to it as well