Lecture 3

Question 1

Discontinuous variation

Answer 1

Where individuals fall into a number of discrete phenotypic classes for a specific complex trait, that cannot be measured across a complete range

Question 2

Continuous variation

Answer 2

Where the phenotypic distribution of a complex trait cannot be placed into specific classes, but ranges from one extreme to the next in an overlapping fashion

Question 3

Polygenic trait

Answer 3

A trait that is controlled by several non-allelic genes; traits controlled by 2+ genes

Question 4

Multifactorial trait

Answer 4

Traits controlled by multiple factors (eg. multiple genes plus an environmental influence)

Question 5

Complex trait

Answer 5

A trait that is controlled by multiple genes and environmental influences, exhibiting a large variety of phenotypes

Question 6

Polyallelic trait

Answer 6

A trait that in controlled by multiple genes, each with multiple alleles

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

The genetic constitution of an individual; alleles of the collection of genes of a specific individual

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

Observable characteristics of an individual; resulting from the interaction between specific genotype and environment

Question 9

Heritability

Answer 9

Statistic used to estimate the degree of variation in a phenotype that is due to the genetic influences to the phenotype, within a specific population