Lecture 3

Question 0

What was the stress response adapted to protect against?

Answer 0

Acute physical stressors

Question 1

What was the importance of the measles outbreak at Disneyland?

Answer 1

It highlighted the importance of vaccines.

Question 2

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 2

Involuntary/automatic actions

Question 3

The ________ nervous system is activated and releases ________.

Answer 3

Sympathetic; catecholamnines

Question 4

What makes up the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 4

Sympathetic nervous system + Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 5

What are the two main stress systems?

Answer 5

Autonomic nervous system & HPA axis

Question 6

The ________ nervous system is suppressed.

Answer 6

Parasympathetic

Question 7

What does the HPA axis control?

Answer 7

General adaptation syndrome and release of corticosteroids

Question 8

What is the flow of secretions in the HPA axis?

Answer 8

1. corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)
2. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
3. cortisol

Question 9

What is a threat?

Answer 9

Type of stress when demands are greater than resources, leading to a distraction

Question 10

What is a challenge?

Answer 10

Type of stress when resources are greater than demands, leading to arousal and focus

Question 11

This type of physiological response requires an autonomic response + HPA response:

Answer 11

Threat

Question 12

A challenge requires what kind of response?

Answer 12

Autonomic

Question 13

Which types of short-term stressors lead to a larger cortisol response?

Answer 13

Uncontrollable stressors & threats to one’s self esteem or social status

Question 14

Sweaty palms are an example of which nervous system?

Answer 14

Sympathetic

Question 15

How does stress raise heart rate + blood pressure?

Answer 15

It transports glucose and oxygen at faster rates.

Question 16

The mobilization of energy due to stress can lead to:

Answer 16

Fatigue, diabetes

Question 17

Raised heart rate/blood pressure due to stress can lead to:

Answer 17

cardiovascular diseases, strokes

Question 18

Which nervous system controls waste-release?

Answer 18

Sympathetic

Question 19

What does stress do to digestion?

Answer 19

Inhibits it; it’s not worth it to expend energy digesting if you need to run from a predator

Question 20

The organs of the _________ system move waste out of the body.

Answer 20

Sympathetic

Question 21

Good waste is expelled by which organs?

Answer 21

Colon, large intestine, and bladder

Question 22

Organs of the parasympathetic system do what?

Answer 22

Digest and STORE food

Question 23

Which organs that aid in digestion are part of the parasympathetic system?

Answer 23

Stomach and small intestine

Question 24

Slowed digestion due to stress can lead to:

Answer 24

Ulcers, colitis, bowel problems

Question 25

Which bacteria paired with stress can trigger an ulcer to form?

Answer 25

H. Pylori

Question 26

How does stress slow growth?

Answer 26

It delays immediate growth, especially in long bones, to prioritize immediate survival

Question 28

How does stress affect reproduction?

Answer 28

Can negatively affect it since it takes a lot of energy (especially from females) and can increase risk of miscarriage/prevent fertilization

Question 29

What are telomeres?

Answer 29

Like aglets for your chromosomes, they mark and cause biological aging.

Question 30

What is the downside to stress blunting pain?

Answer 30

It can possible worsen injuries

Question 31

How does stress speed aging?

Answer 31

It shortens telomeres. When they get very short, they die and signs of aging appear.

Question 32

When stressed, your brain releases ______, which is helpful in _____ doses.

Answer 32

cortisol; small

Question 33

In extremely large doses, cortisol may harm your brain by shrinking which important brain structure?

Answer 33

hippocampus

Question 34

Why is the immune system suppressed when you are stressed?

Answer 34

You need to focus more on running away.