Lecture 3

Question 1

Standard scientific revolution view

Answer 1

Originated in 1874
The dark ages, Copernicus, Galieo, Kepler, Descartes and others, and true science was founded
L’esprit geometrique

Question 2

Scientific revolution

Answer 2

Science as a profitable business and a pastime for noblemen and the rich wanting to imitate them
Deutsche Akademie der Naturfoscher 1652
Royal Society - 1660
Academie Royale -1666

Question 3

Academie des sciences

Answer 3

Rene Descartes 1596-1650
Discourse de la methode - 1637
La geometríe

Question 4

Construction of equations

Answer 4

Johan de Witt - 1625-1672
Frans van Schooten jr - 1615 - 1660
Johannes Hudde - 1628-1704

Also Issac’s Newton
But also looking for the philosophers stone involved in Alchemy
Adapting to matchesis and therefore also adapting to court culture

Question 6

Mathematical spirit

Answer 6

Geometry was practical. Euclid’s Elements was a great example of how to understand why things worked
Started in Discours de la methode 1367 by Descartes.
With silent assumption form Galilei
Epitomised by Bernard de Fontelle (1657-1757)

Question 7

Leibniz

Answer 7

Leibniz calculus digitalis
Leibniz calculator

Question 8

Role of maths in politics

Answer 8

Arithmetic or geometry are also used as phrases to impress
Political arithmetic was not as much the field of the mathematician as that of the politician. Calculations of chance or statistics, the field of the lawyer of theologian.

Question 9

Politics?

Answer 9

Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695)
De rationiicis in ludo aleae (1657)
Copying the style of Euclid

Question 10

John Graunt (1620-1674)
Christiaan and Lodewijk Huygens 1669

Answer 10

Bills of mortality 1665